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<p>The European plum cultivar ‘Timočanka’ (<i>Prunus domestica</i>&#xa0;L.) is valued for its large, high-quality fruits, but it exhibits irregular bearing. To address this issue, the present study was conducted over two consecutive years, with significantly higher average daily temperatures during flowering in the first year. The study comprised in vitro pollen germination, quantitative analysis of pollen tube growth in vivo, and initial and final fruit set under three pollination treatments (open-, self-, and cross-pollination with the cultivars ‘Čačanska Lepotica,’ ‘Čačanska Rodna,ʼ and ‘Stanleyʼ), along with the assessment of flowering phenophase, embryo sac viability in unpollinated flowers, and fertilization success in open-pollinated flowers within 21&#xa0;days of full bloom. Our results suggest that ‘Timočanka’ has low pollen viability and limited self-fertility, requiring compatible pollenizers that bloom simultaneously for reliable production. The best synchronization of reproductive phases occurred with ‘Čačanska Lepotica’ and ‘Čačanska Rodna.’ Cross-pollination with ‘Čačanska Lepotica’ resulted in the highest values of pollen tube growth parameters, while ‘Čačanska Rodna’ induced the highest fruit set. Faster pollen tube growth and a&#xa0;quicker decline in the functional stages of embryo sacs were observed in the first year, along with improved male–female synchrony and higher number of fertilized embryo sacs. When examining individual pollination variants, specific contrasting trends emerge. These patterns suggest differing levels of resilience to environmental changes among various pollination treatments, further highlighting the complex interactions between pollination dynamics and temperature.</p>

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Temperature-Related Reproductive Challenges in the Plum Cultivar ‘Timočanka’

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Ivana Glišić,
  • Milena Đorđević,
  • Radosav Cerović,
  • Ivan Glišić,
  • Radmila Ilić,
  • Sanja Radičević,
  • Nabojša Milošević,
  • Slađana Marić

摘要

The European plum cultivar ‘Timočanka’ (Prunus domestica L.) is valued for its large, high-quality fruits, but it exhibits irregular bearing. To address this issue, the present study was conducted over two consecutive years, with significantly higher average daily temperatures during flowering in the first year. The study comprised in vitro pollen germination, quantitative analysis of pollen tube growth in vivo, and initial and final fruit set under three pollination treatments (open-, self-, and cross-pollination with the cultivars ‘Čačanska Lepotica,’ ‘Čačanska Rodna,ʼ and ‘Stanleyʼ), along with the assessment of flowering phenophase, embryo sac viability in unpollinated flowers, and fertilization success in open-pollinated flowers within 21 days of full bloom. Our results suggest that ‘Timočanka’ has low pollen viability and limited self-fertility, requiring compatible pollenizers that bloom simultaneously for reliable production. The best synchronization of reproductive phases occurred with ‘Čačanska Lepotica’ and ‘Čačanska Rodna.’ Cross-pollination with ‘Čačanska Lepotica’ resulted in the highest values of pollen tube growth parameters, while ‘Čačanska Rodna’ induced the highest fruit set. Faster pollen tube growth and a quicker decline in the functional stages of embryo sacs were observed in the first year, along with improved male–female synchrony and higher number of fertilized embryo sacs. When examining individual pollination variants, specific contrasting trends emerge. These patterns suggest differing levels of resilience to environmental changes among various pollination treatments, further highlighting the complex interactions between pollination dynamics and temperature.