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<p>This study aimed to investigate the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) light exposure (blue, green, red) and different packaging materials (polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride [PVC], and plastic) on the physicochemical properties of bananas, with data analysis performed using principal component analysis (PCA). Uniform and healthy bananas were sourced from a&#xa0;market in Gorgan city, Golestan Province, Iran, washed, and divided into four groups: one with no light exposure and three with exposure to LEDs of various colors. Samples were then stored under the mentioned packaging conditions at ambient temperature for 7&#xa0;days. Data analysis was conducted using Unscrambler&#xa0;X 10.4 software, and PCA was applied to extract the principal components. The results showed that under red LED exposure, PVC packaging exhibited a&#xa0;significant distinction from other packaging types, with PC1 and PC2 explaining 75&#xa0;and 16% of the total variance, respectively. Under blue LED exposure, PC1 and PC2 accounted for 57&#xa0;and 28% of the variance, with parameters such as pH, phenolic content, antioxidant activity, chroma index, and total color change having the most significant influence in PVC packaging. In green LED exposure, PC1 and PC2 explained 49&#xa0;and 30% of the variance, respectively, with chroma index, total color change, and phenolic content being more prominent in PVC packaging. In the absence of light exposure, PC1 and PC2 accounted for 48&#xa0;and 26% of the variance, respectively, with firmness, chroma index, and flavonoid content showing a&#xa0;more noticeable impact in PVC packaging. Both LED exposure and PVC packaging had a&#xa0;significant impact on preserving or altering the quality attributes of bananas. Notably, exposure to blue and red LEDs combined with PVC packaging resulted in more pronounced changes compared to other treatments. The findings underscore the significance of PCA in analyzing multivariate data related to fruit quality and shelf life, offering insights into selecting optimal storage conditions.</p>

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Analysis of the Combined Effects of LED Illumination and Packaging Films on the Physicochemical Properties of Banana Using Principal Component Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月9日

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  • Fatemeh Aboutalebi,
  • Mohsen Azadbakht,
  • Mohammad Vahedi Torshizi,
  • Feryal Varasteh Akbarpour

摘要

This study aimed to investigate the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) light exposure (blue, green, red) and different packaging materials (polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride [PVC], and plastic) on the physicochemical properties of bananas, with data analysis performed using principal component analysis (PCA). Uniform and healthy bananas were sourced from a market in Gorgan city, Golestan Province, Iran, washed, and divided into four groups: one with no light exposure and three with exposure to LEDs of various colors. Samples were then stored under the mentioned packaging conditions at ambient temperature for 7 days. Data analysis was conducted using Unscrambler X 10.4 software, and PCA was applied to extract the principal components. The results showed that under red LED exposure, PVC packaging exhibited a significant distinction from other packaging types, with PC1 and PC2 explaining 75 and 16% of the total variance, respectively. Under blue LED exposure, PC1 and PC2 accounted for 57 and 28% of the variance, with parameters such as pH, phenolic content, antioxidant activity, chroma index, and total color change having the most significant influence in PVC packaging. In green LED exposure, PC1 and PC2 explained 49 and 30% of the variance, respectively, with chroma index, total color change, and phenolic content being more prominent in PVC packaging. In the absence of light exposure, PC1 and PC2 accounted for 48 and 26% of the variance, respectively, with firmness, chroma index, and flavonoid content showing a more noticeable impact in PVC packaging. Both LED exposure and PVC packaging had a significant impact on preserving or altering the quality attributes of bananas. Notably, exposure to blue and red LEDs combined with PVC packaging resulted in more pronounced changes compared to other treatments. The findings underscore the significance of PCA in analyzing multivariate data related to fruit quality and shelf life, offering insights into selecting optimal storage conditions.