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<p>A&#xa0;field experiment was conducted at the Horticultural Research Farm, Khalsa College, Amritsar, GNDU, Punjab, India, to evaluate the effects of orchard shading on the growth, yield, and quality of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs). Four MAPs—brahmi, mentha, stevia, and turmeric—were intercropped with guava and ‘Kinnow’ mandarin orchards and compared to their sole crops under open conditions (control) in a&#xa0;randomized block design with three replications. However, the impact of orchard-induced microclimate variation on phytochemical accumulation and medicinal quality traits in MAPs remains poorly understood, limiting advances in optimized intercropping systems. This lack of integrated understanding of microclimate–quality interactions restrict the optimization of orchard-based MAP systems for pharmaceutical-quality production. Results revealed that MAP growth and yield were significantly higher in open conditions compared to shaded treatments, with the lowest performance under ‘Kinnow’ shade. Qualitative parameters, including active principle compound content, total phenolics, flavonoids, and DPPH radical scavenging activity, were highest in MAPs intercropped with guava, followed by ‘Kinnow’, and lowest in open conditions (except stevia). Overall, this study demonstrates that while shaded orchard conditions may reduce MAPs biomass, intercropping with fruit trees enhances phytochemical quality, supporting the potential for high-value pharmaceutical MAP production in Punjab.</p> Graphic abstract <p></p>

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Productivity and Qualitative Analysis of Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Under Different Fruit-Based Intercropping Systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月29日

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  • Manpreet Singh,
  • Kanwaljit Singh,
  • Dilpreet Singh Brar,
  • Gagandeep Singh

摘要

A field experiment was conducted at the Horticultural Research Farm, Khalsa College, Amritsar, GNDU, Punjab, India, to evaluate the effects of orchard shading on the growth, yield, and quality of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs). Four MAPs—brahmi, mentha, stevia, and turmeric—were intercropped with guava and ‘Kinnow’ mandarin orchards and compared to their sole crops under open conditions (control) in a randomized block design with three replications. However, the impact of orchard-induced microclimate variation on phytochemical accumulation and medicinal quality traits in MAPs remains poorly understood, limiting advances in optimized intercropping systems. This lack of integrated understanding of microclimate–quality interactions restrict the optimization of orchard-based MAP systems for pharmaceutical-quality production. Results revealed that MAP growth and yield were significantly higher in open conditions compared to shaded treatments, with the lowest performance under ‘Kinnow’ shade. Qualitative parameters, including active principle compound content, total phenolics, flavonoids, and DPPH radical scavenging activity, were highest in MAPs intercropped with guava, followed by ‘Kinnow’, and lowest in open conditions (except stevia). Overall, this study demonstrates that while shaded orchard conditions may reduce MAPs biomass, intercropping with fruit trees enhances phytochemical quality, supporting the potential for high-value pharmaceutical MAP production in Punjab.

Graphic abstract