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<p>The effects of three essential oils (<i>Cuminum cyminum, Salvia officinalis</i>, and <i>Melissa officinalis</i>) and their application doses (50, 100, 200 ppm) on the colony diameter of soil-borne fungal pathogens were investigated. The target fungi <i>Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Verticillium dahliae, Pythium</i> spp., and <i>Fusarium solani</i> are known to cause root and vascular diseases in fruit orchards. Experiments were conducted using a&#xa0;factorial experiment design in randomized plots (FEDRP) with three replications. Statistical analysis revealed that in <i>S.&#xa0;sclerotiorum</i> and <i>F.&#xa0;solani</i>, colony diameter was significantly influenced by essential oil type, dose, and their interaction (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 to <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In <i>F.&#xa0;oxysporum</i> and <i>V.&#xa0;dahliae</i>, both the dose and the essential oil × dose interaction had significant effects (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). For <i>R.&#xa0;solani</i>, fungal growth was significantly affected by both essential oil and dose (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In <i>Pythium</i> spp., essential oil type and its interaction with dose also significantly reduced colony diameter (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Overall, essential oil type and dose significantly influenced fungal colony growth, depending on the species. The study found FEDRP to be effective for evaluating antifungal activity. Notably, some oils inhibited fungal growth even at low concentrations, while higher doses showed greater inhibition, indicating dose-dependent activity. These results offer promising insights into using essential oils as eco-friendly alternatives for managing soil-borne pathogens in fruit orchards, where such infections pose serious risks to crop yield, quality, and commercial value.</p>

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Statistical Assessment of Dose-Dependent Antifungal Effects of Essential Oils on Soil-Borne Pathogens in Fruit Trees

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月12日

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  • Işıl Saraç Sivrikaya,
  • Abdullah Güller,
  • Şenol Çelik

摘要

The effects of three essential oils (Cuminum cyminum, Salvia officinalis, and Melissa officinalis) and their application doses (50, 100, 200 ppm) on the colony diameter of soil-borne fungal pathogens were investigated. The target fungi Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Verticillium dahliae, Pythium spp., and Fusarium solani are known to cause root and vascular diseases in fruit orchards. Experiments were conducted using a factorial experiment design in randomized plots (FEDRP) with three replications. Statistical analysis revealed that in S. sclerotiorum and F. solani, colony diameter was significantly influenced by essential oil type, dose, and their interaction (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). In F. oxysporum and V. dahliae, both the dose and the essential oil × dose interaction had significant effects (p < 0.001). For R. solani, fungal growth was significantly affected by both essential oil and dose (p < 0.001). In Pythium spp., essential oil type and its interaction with dose also significantly reduced colony diameter (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01). Overall, essential oil type and dose significantly influenced fungal colony growth, depending on the species. The study found FEDRP to be effective for evaluating antifungal activity. Notably, some oils inhibited fungal growth even at low concentrations, while higher doses showed greater inhibition, indicating dose-dependent activity. These results offer promising insights into using essential oils as eco-friendly alternatives for managing soil-borne pathogens in fruit orchards, where such infections pose serious risks to crop yield, quality, and commercial value.