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<p>Throughout history, plants have been vital to human health, providing solutions for a&#xa0;wide range of ailments. The tropical tree <i>Psidium guajava</i>&#xa0;L. (guava) is notable among these plants for its beneficial nutritional and medicinal qualities. High concentrations of bioactive substances, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which have positive anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antioxidant effects, are found in guava fruits. Environmental factors and genetic variations can cause different guava cultivars to display differing degrees of bioactive potential. This study aimed to compare the phytochemical composition and biological activities of fruit extracts from 12&#xa0;guava cultivars. After the fruits were gathered, dried, and extracted, their total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were analyzed. Using standard assays, the study also assessed the anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antioxidant properties of the fruit extracts; the findings showed notable variation between the cultivars. The ‘Mirzapur seedling’ cultivar stood out with the highest levels of TPC (299.72 mg GAE/g) and TFC (232.27 mg QE/g). This cultivar also displayed superior results with biological activities, particularly in 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging potential (IC<sub>50</sub> of 100.79 ± 1.17 μg/mL) and in inhibiting α‑amylase (IC<sub>50</sub> 87.1 ± 0.8 μg/mL) enzyme activity. On the other hand, the ‘Phili pink’ cultivar demonstrated remarkable anti-inflammatory effects with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 122.60 ± 0.46 μg/mL. These findings emphasize the importance of selecting specific cultivars to harness the therapeutic potential of guava fruits, which could significantly contribute to the management of chronic diseases and overall health.</p>

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Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical Content and Therapeutic Properties of 12 Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Cultivars

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月4日

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  • Moses Sam Arul Raj,
  • Veerasamy Pushparaj Santhi,
  • Muniappan Ayyanar

摘要

Throughout history, plants have been vital to human health, providing solutions for a wide range of ailments. The tropical tree Psidium guajava L. (guava) is notable among these plants for its beneficial nutritional and medicinal qualities. High concentrations of bioactive substances, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which have positive anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antioxidant effects, are found in guava fruits. Environmental factors and genetic variations can cause different guava cultivars to display differing degrees of bioactive potential. This study aimed to compare the phytochemical composition and biological activities of fruit extracts from 12 guava cultivars. After the fruits were gathered, dried, and extracted, their total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were analyzed. Using standard assays, the study also assessed the anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antioxidant properties of the fruit extracts; the findings showed notable variation between the cultivars. The ‘Mirzapur seedling’ cultivar stood out with the highest levels of TPC (299.72 mg GAE/g) and TFC (232.27 mg QE/g). This cultivar also displayed superior results with biological activities, particularly in 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging potential (IC50 of 100.79 ± 1.17 μg/mL) and in inhibiting α‑amylase (IC50 87.1 ± 0.8 μg/mL) enzyme activity. On the other hand, the ‘Phili pink’ cultivar demonstrated remarkable anti-inflammatory effects with an IC50 of 122.60 ± 0.46 μg/mL. These findings emphasize the importance of selecting specific cultivars to harness the therapeutic potential of guava fruits, which could significantly contribute to the management of chronic diseases and overall health.