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<p>Fruit set is a&#xa0;major constraint for pear productivity, limiting the economic threshold of the cv. ‘Punjab Beauty’. The current study was conducted to evaluate the anatomical and enzymatic dynamics of the floral pedicels of ‘Punjab Beauty’ cv. of pear at two developmental stages, petal fall and time of fruit set, in order to unravel causes of its shy bearing. Pedicel length, girth and weight were higher in the non-abscised flower pedicels relative to the abscised ones. In comparison to non-abscised flower pedicels, the hydrolytic enzymes polygalacturonase, cellulase, and pectin methylesterase exhibited significantly higher activity in the abscised flower pedicels. This finding highlights the significance of these enzymes in the anomalies of abscission. Sections of abscised and non-abscised flower pedicels were viewed by light microscope and scanning electron microscopy, revealing structural variations between the two. The transverse sections of non-abscised healthy flower pedicels had vascular tissue with intact phloem and extended xylem elements. However, stalks of the abscised flowers indicated the deterioration of the cells and the emergence of an abscission zone. Auxins often inhibit abscission by lowering the susceptivity of abscission zone cells, whereas non-abscised floral pedicels exhibited higher indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels. IAA, a naturally occurring plant hormone involved in growth and developmental processes specifically in the context of abscission. These findings suggest that hydrolases play a&#xa0;role in the initiation of the abscission zone on the floral pedicels of pear cv. ‘Punjab Beauty’. They also pave the way for research into the process of abscission using molecular techniques that could aid in the identification of molecular markers for the creation of these cell-wall disintegrating enzymes and the role of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) for the improvement of fruit set.</p>

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Histological and Enzymatic Alterations of Abscission Zones in the Flower Pedicel of Pear Cv. ‘Punjab Beauty’

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月31日

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  • Amandeep Paul,
  • Nirmaljit Kaur,
  • P. P. S. Gill

摘要

Fruit set is a major constraint for pear productivity, limiting the economic threshold of the cv. ‘Punjab Beauty’. The current study was conducted to evaluate the anatomical and enzymatic dynamics of the floral pedicels of ‘Punjab Beauty’ cv. of pear at two developmental stages, petal fall and time of fruit set, in order to unravel causes of its shy bearing. Pedicel length, girth and weight were higher in the non-abscised flower pedicels relative to the abscised ones. In comparison to non-abscised flower pedicels, the hydrolytic enzymes polygalacturonase, cellulase, and pectin methylesterase exhibited significantly higher activity in the abscised flower pedicels. This finding highlights the significance of these enzymes in the anomalies of abscission. Sections of abscised and non-abscised flower pedicels were viewed by light microscope and scanning electron microscopy, revealing structural variations between the two. The transverse sections of non-abscised healthy flower pedicels had vascular tissue with intact phloem and extended xylem elements. However, stalks of the abscised flowers indicated the deterioration of the cells and the emergence of an abscission zone. Auxins often inhibit abscission by lowering the susceptivity of abscission zone cells, whereas non-abscised floral pedicels exhibited higher indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels. IAA, a naturally occurring plant hormone involved in growth and developmental processes specifically in the context of abscission. These findings suggest that hydrolases play a role in the initiation of the abscission zone on the floral pedicels of pear cv. ‘Punjab Beauty’. They also pave the way for research into the process of abscission using molecular techniques that could aid in the identification of molecular markers for the creation of these cell-wall disintegrating enzymes and the role of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) for the improvement of fruit set.