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<p>The study evaluated climate change vulnerability and its impact on apple yield in a&#xa0;temperate region of Himachal Pradesh, India. Vulnerability indices were established via the Iyengar and Sudarshan approach, revealing Pooh block (Kinnaur district) as highly vulnerable and Mashobra block (Shimla district) as the least vulnerable among 28&#xa0;selected blocks. Utilizing the Beta distribution, these blocks were categorized as low, moderate and highly vulnerable. Within these categories, 13&#xa0;blocks (46.43%) were chosen, representing dominant horticultural practices, and primary data were collected from 312 farmers. The Ricardian analysis reported that positive quadratic coefficient for minimum temperature and annual rainfall will increase the net revenue by Rs 728.56 and Rs 520.08 per 1 °C increase in minimum temperature and 1 cm increase in annual rainfall, respectively. On the other hand, a&#xa0;negative quadratic coefficient of maximum temperature indicated an optimal threshold; exceeding it led to a&#xa0;decrease of Rs 925.86 per 1 °C rise in net revenue. In response to climate change, farmers adopted strategies including crop switching, altered cropping calendars, improved irrigation and diversification in the temperate region.</p>

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Economic Analysis of Climate-Induced Vulnerabilities and Adaptation Strategies on Apple Farming in a Temperate Region of Himachal Pradesh, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月28日

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  • Samriti Pathania,
  • Ankit Pathania,
  • Ravinder Sharma,
  • Subhash Sharma

摘要

The study evaluated climate change vulnerability and its impact on apple yield in a temperate region of Himachal Pradesh, India. Vulnerability indices were established via the Iyengar and Sudarshan approach, revealing Pooh block (Kinnaur district) as highly vulnerable and Mashobra block (Shimla district) as the least vulnerable among 28 selected blocks. Utilizing the Beta distribution, these blocks were categorized as low, moderate and highly vulnerable. Within these categories, 13 blocks (46.43%) were chosen, representing dominant horticultural practices, and primary data were collected from 312 farmers. The Ricardian analysis reported that positive quadratic coefficient for minimum temperature and annual rainfall will increase the net revenue by Rs 728.56 and Rs 520.08 per 1 °C increase in minimum temperature and 1 cm increase in annual rainfall, respectively. On the other hand, a negative quadratic coefficient of maximum temperature indicated an optimal threshold; exceeding it led to a decrease of Rs 925.86 per 1 °C rise in net revenue. In response to climate change, farmers adopted strategies including crop switching, altered cropping calendars, improved irrigation and diversification in the temperate region.