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<p>An extensive survey was conducted at apple replant disease (ARD) affected sites to monitor the microbial diversity associated with the apple rhizosphere. Soil pathogenic fungi were the dominant microorganisms associated with ARD at a&#xa0;severely affected site, Gawna, in Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh. After molecular characterization, one dominant pathogenic fungi, <i>Fusarium annulatum </i>was isolated for the first time and identified by using internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-1 and ITS‑4 primers having the National Centre for Biotechnology Information accession number <i>F.&#xa0;annulatum </i>(OQ748047). Chemical management of this disease is very difficult, as fungi develop resistance after continuous application. The bio-efficacy of an endophyte-enriched consortium were tested in 2020 by combining traditional orchard soil management practices before apple plantation. Consortial bioformulations were found to be most effective when combined with orchard soil management practices in terms of reducing fungal population and increasing healthy bacterial population. The frequency of reduction in the dominant pathogenic fungi was greater in case of <i>F.&#xa0;annulatum </i>after 3–4&#xa0;months of application. Treatment T7 was shown to be best in terms of reducing fungal population (4 × 10<sup>2</sup> cfu/g soil), increasing the bacterial population (64 × 10<sup>6</sup> cfu/g soil), achieving maximum percentage survival (96.7%), plant height (35.10 inch) and number of shoots (8.0) after 2&#xa0;years of plantation. These bio-formulations of endophytes are an environment-friendly and effective management strategy for mitigating replant diseases, thereby, increasing the socioeconomic status of state orchardists.</p>

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Effect of Microbially Enriched Bioformulations on Different Agronomic Traits of Replanted Apple Rootstocks

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月28日

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  • Ranjna Sharma,
  • Shweta Sharma,
  • Savita Jandaik,
  • Neha Mishra,
  • Subhash Sharma,
  • Radhika Pathania

摘要

An extensive survey was conducted at apple replant disease (ARD) affected sites to monitor the microbial diversity associated with the apple rhizosphere. Soil pathogenic fungi were the dominant microorganisms associated with ARD at a severely affected site, Gawna, in Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh. After molecular characterization, one dominant pathogenic fungi, Fusarium annulatum was isolated for the first time and identified by using internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-1 and ITS‑4 primers having the National Centre for Biotechnology Information accession number F. annulatum (OQ748047). Chemical management of this disease is very difficult, as fungi develop resistance after continuous application. The bio-efficacy of an endophyte-enriched consortium were tested in 2020 by combining traditional orchard soil management practices before apple plantation. Consortial bioformulations were found to be most effective when combined with orchard soil management practices in terms of reducing fungal population and increasing healthy bacterial population. The frequency of reduction in the dominant pathogenic fungi was greater in case of F. annulatum after 3–4 months of application. Treatment T7 was shown to be best in terms of reducing fungal population (4 × 102 cfu/g soil), increasing the bacterial population (64 × 106 cfu/g soil), achieving maximum percentage survival (96.7%), plant height (35.10 inch) and number of shoots (8.0) after 2 years of plantation. These bio-formulations of endophytes are an environment-friendly and effective management strategy for mitigating replant diseases, thereby, increasing the socioeconomic status of state orchardists.