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<p>Among the important strawberry diseases, especially in humid weather conditions, are gray mold disease caused by <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> and anthracnose caused by <i>Colletotrichum nymphaeae</i>, which are among the most important factors limiting the cultivation and production of strawberries around the world, including Iran. In this study, we aimed to prepare an effective formulation of neem seed (<i>Azadirachta indica</i>) and evaluate its effectiveness under greenhouse conditions. An alcoholic extract of neem seeds was used to prepare the formulation with new modifications of the water-miscible solvent separation method through precipitation with salt. The biocontrol ability of the formulated extract in the control of gray mold and anthracnose diseases of strawberry with doses of 2‰, 4‰, and 8‰ in a&#xa0;greenhouse compared to commercial NeemAzal® 14&#xa0;days after foliar spraying showed that the best treatment was related to the extract formulated at a&#xa0;dose of 4‰. The results related to the effect of the formulated extract on strawberry flower and fruit showed that the disease rate was reduced by 90% compared to the infected control. The ability to control disease with NeemAzal® in the same conditions at a&#xa0;dose of 4‰ for gray mold and anthracnose was 31.16 ± 0.34 and 28.96 ± 0.89, respectively. Furthermore, in the strawberry plants that were infected through injection at the point where the petiole joins the crown, the amount of gray mold and anthracnose decreased by 73.15% and 71.44%, respectively. Therefore, this formulation can be used as a&#xa0;natural compound with high potential in non-chemical control strategies.</p>

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Potential of Neem Extract Formulation in Controlling Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum nymphaeae Diseases of Strawberry Under Greenhouse Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Parastoo Motallebi

摘要

Among the important strawberry diseases, especially in humid weather conditions, are gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea and anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum nymphaeae, which are among the most important factors limiting the cultivation and production of strawberries around the world, including Iran. In this study, we aimed to prepare an effective formulation of neem seed (Azadirachta indica) and evaluate its effectiveness under greenhouse conditions. An alcoholic extract of neem seeds was used to prepare the formulation with new modifications of the water-miscible solvent separation method through precipitation with salt. The biocontrol ability of the formulated extract in the control of gray mold and anthracnose diseases of strawberry with doses of 2‰, 4‰, and 8‰ in a greenhouse compared to commercial NeemAzal® 14 days after foliar spraying showed that the best treatment was related to the extract formulated at a dose of 4‰. The results related to the effect of the formulated extract on strawberry flower and fruit showed that the disease rate was reduced by 90% compared to the infected control. The ability to control disease with NeemAzal® in the same conditions at a dose of 4‰ for gray mold and anthracnose was 31.16 ± 0.34 and 28.96 ± 0.89, respectively. Furthermore, in the strawberry plants that were infected through injection at the point where the petiole joins the crown, the amount of gray mold and anthracnose decreased by 73.15% and 71.44%, respectively. Therefore, this formulation can be used as a natural compound with high potential in non-chemical control strategies.