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<p>Due to continuously depleting aquifers and rising strain on underground water under predicted climate change scenarios, the future of North India’s ‘Kinnow’ production is in jeopardy. Traditional practices such as flood irrigation are threatening the sustainability of fruit production expansion and efficient uptake of nutrients. The current study was therefore planned to delve deeper into the benefits of fertigation on physiology, growth, and yield and recommend drip irrigation (DI) and fertigation regimes for ‘Kinnow’ mandarin. A&#xa0;field experiment on 7‑year-old ‘Kinnow’ plants was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University during 2019–2021. A&#xa0;combination of three levels of irrigation viz., 100%, 75%, and 50% crop evapotranspiration (ET<sub>c</sub>) and three levels of fertigation viz., 100%, 75%, and 50% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) were tried along with flood irrigation at 100 and 100% RDF. The results showed that deficit DI and fertigation at 75% ET<sub>c</sub> and 75% RDF resulted in better vital physiological processes, irrigation water productivity (W<sub>P</sub>), nutrient use efficiency, yield, and quality of fruits compared to conventional practices. Also, the DI trees showed 29% higher tree vigor over conventional practices. Also, optimized DI/fertigation rates reduced premature fruit drop (21.74%) with more fruits per plant till maturity. Taken together, the results from this study demonstrate that a&#xa0;25% increase in water productivity (W<sub>P</sub>), nitrogen, and phosphorus usage could be achieved by DI and fertigation in addition to a&#xa0;higher yield of ‘Kinnow’.</p>

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Effect of Varying Nitrogen and Phosphorus Rates Under Deficit Irrigations on the Performance of ‘Kinnow’ Mandarin (Citrus Reticulate Blanco)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月16日

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  • Anil Kumar,
  • Harminder Singh,
  • Shashi Pathania,
  • Kashish Bajaj,
  • Anil Sangwan,
  • Rakesh Sharda

摘要

Due to continuously depleting aquifers and rising strain on underground water under predicted climate change scenarios, the future of North India’s ‘Kinnow’ production is in jeopardy. Traditional practices such as flood irrigation are threatening the sustainability of fruit production expansion and efficient uptake of nutrients. The current study was therefore planned to delve deeper into the benefits of fertigation on physiology, growth, and yield and recommend drip irrigation (DI) and fertigation regimes for ‘Kinnow’ mandarin. A field experiment on 7‑year-old ‘Kinnow’ plants was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University during 2019–2021. A combination of three levels of irrigation viz., 100%, 75%, and 50% crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and three levels of fertigation viz., 100%, 75%, and 50% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) were tried along with flood irrigation at 100 and 100% RDF. The results showed that deficit DI and fertigation at 75% ETc and 75% RDF resulted in better vital physiological processes, irrigation water productivity (WP), nutrient use efficiency, yield, and quality of fruits compared to conventional practices. Also, the DI trees showed 29% higher tree vigor over conventional practices. Also, optimized DI/fertigation rates reduced premature fruit drop (21.74%) with more fruits per plant till maturity. Taken together, the results from this study demonstrate that a 25% increase in water productivity (WP), nitrogen, and phosphorus usage could be achieved by DI and fertigation in addition to a higher yield of ‘Kinnow’.