<p>Good agricultural practices, which integrate biodiversity and ecosystem management, are the actions that should be taken to make the agricultural production system socially livable, economically profitable, and productive, protecting human health, animal health and welfare and caring for the environment. For this purpose, changes in biochemical characteristics of hazelnut cv. ‘Çakıldak’ (Ordu, Türkiye) grown under good agricultural and conventional agricultural practices were investigated. The research was arranged with a&#xa0;randomized blocks experimental design with 3&#xa0;replications. In the study, aflatoxins (aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxin), α‑tocopherol, water activity, peroxide, rancimat, total fat, free fatty acids, fatty acids composition, moisture and ash analyses in fruit samples and standard soil fertility analyses in soil samples grown under good agriculture and conventional agriculture conditions in 2021 and 2022. Compared to the conventional system, α‑tocopherol was found to be higher in hazelnuts in the good farming system. On the other hand, total aflatoxin, rancimat and peroxide values were higher in hazelnuts from conventional system orchards. It was determined that aflatoxin B1, water activity, total fat, free fatty acid, fatty acids composition (palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic), moisture and ash parameters did not differ significantly according to the farming systems. Good agricultural practice can be recommended in hazelnut for reasons of nutrition, health, and the shelf life of the product, being more feasible and sustainable for the farmer compared to conventional agriculture.</p>