<p>The bluegreen aphid (<i>Acyrthosiphon kondoi</i>) is a global pest of pasture and legume crops, damaging plants through feeding and the transmission of plant viruses. Since 2018, Australian growers have reported insecticide control failures involving <i>A. kondoi</i>, with subsequent bioassays confirming the first cases of insecticide resistance in this species worldwide. To better inform management strategies, we conducted a surveillance programme of 36 field populations across southern Australia, testing for resistance to organophosphates, carbamates, and synthetic pyrethroids. Resistance was detected in 19 populations, most commonly within alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i>) seed production regions. We then generated baseline sensitivity data for two insecticides, sulfoxaflor and flonicamid, recently introduced for <i>A. kondoi</i> control in Australia<i>,</i> and found that both provide promising new options for resistance management. In parallel, we assessed biological control potential by surveying parasitoid wasps attacking <i>A. kondoi</i>. <i>Aphidius ervi</i> was the only species detected parasitising <i>A. kondoi</i> across southern Australia. Follow-up laboratory assays demonstrated high parasitism and successful emergence of <i>A. ervi</i> from <i>A. kondoi</i> and more variable performance across co-occurring aphid pests, highlighting its broader biocontrol potential in pasture and legume systems. Together, these findings demonstrate the rapidly expanding distribution of insecticide resistance in <i>A. kondoi</i>, confirm the value of newly available insecticides, and identify a key parasitoid for integration into management strategies. These findings provide a foundation for integrated management approaches to slow resistance evolution in <i>A. kondoi</i> in Australia and elsewhere.</p>