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<p>This review synthesizes current scientific knowledge on the use of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. for the biological control of <i>Meloidogyne</i> spp., one of the most significant biotic threats to global agriculture, with a particular emphasis on mechanisms of action and efficacy across different cultivation systems. Several studies have demonstrated that <i>Bacillus</i> strains effectively increase juvenile mortality, inhibit egg hatching, and suppress root penetration by <i>Meloidogyne</i> spp., often accompanied by additional benefits in plant growth promotion. These effects are attributed to the ability of several <i>Bacillus</i> spp. to produce diverse bioactive compounds and modulate plant defense responses. Key mechanisms include the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), lytic enzymes (<i>e.g.</i>, chitinases and proteases), Cry proteins, and biofilms, which collectively contribute to nematode suppression and enhanced plant performance. In particular, <i>B. velezensis</i>, <i>B. thuringiensis</i>, <i>B. subtilis</i>, and <i>B. pumilus</i> have consistently shown promising results in both greenhouse and field trials. Additionally, data highlight the relevance of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> as a model organism for in vitro evaluation of the nematicidal activity of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. Overall, the findings underscore the biotechnological potential of <i>Bacillus</i>-based formulations as viable alternatives for managing plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) within the framework of sustainable agriculture, contributing to several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Nevertheless, challenges such as strain-specific variability, environmental stability, and large-scale application remain. Future research should prioritize formulation optimization, improved field persistence, and integration of <i>Bacillus</i>-based products into broader pest management systems.</p>

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Bacillus spp. as eco-friendly agents for the biocontrol of plant-parasitic nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月5日

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  • Ana Paula Vanin,
  • Mateus Torres Nazari,
  • Daniela Dal Castel Krein,
  • Aline Rubert,
  • Vera Analise Schommer,
  • Leticia Priscilla Arantes,
  • Natacha Melo,
  • Aline Dettmer,
  • Luciane Maria Colla,
  • Jeferson Steffanello Piccin

摘要

This review synthesizes current scientific knowledge on the use of Bacillus spp. for the biological control of Meloidogyne spp., one of the most significant biotic threats to global agriculture, with a particular emphasis on mechanisms of action and efficacy across different cultivation systems. Several studies have demonstrated that Bacillus strains effectively increase juvenile mortality, inhibit egg hatching, and suppress root penetration by Meloidogyne spp., often accompanied by additional benefits in plant growth promotion. These effects are attributed to the ability of several Bacillus spp. to produce diverse bioactive compounds and modulate plant defense responses. Key mechanisms include the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), lytic enzymes (e.g., chitinases and proteases), Cry proteins, and biofilms, which collectively contribute to nematode suppression and enhanced plant performance. In particular, B. velezensis, B. thuringiensis, B. subtilis, and B. pumilus have consistently shown promising results in both greenhouse and field trials. Additionally, data highlight the relevance of Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism for in vitro evaluation of the nematicidal activity of Bacillus spp. Overall, the findings underscore the biotechnological potential of Bacillus-based formulations as viable alternatives for managing plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) within the framework of sustainable agriculture, contributing to several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Nevertheless, challenges such as strain-specific variability, environmental stability, and large-scale application remain. Future research should prioritize formulation optimization, improved field persistence, and integration of Bacillus-based products into broader pest management systems.