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<p>Botanical larvicides, such as essential oils (EO) from the <i>Piper</i> species, offer eco-friendly mosquito control by targeting Culicidae larvae while exhibiting low toxicity to non-target aquatic animals. This study investigated the larvicidal activity and mechanism of action of the essential oil (EO) from <i>Piper brachypetiolatum</i> and its main compound, (<Emphasis Type="Underline">E</Emphasis>)-nerolidol, against <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, as well as the effects on non-target aquatic organisms <i>Toxorhynchites haemorrhoidalis</i>, <i>Anisops bouvieri</i>, and <i>Diplonychus indicus</i>. The EO was extracted from the leaves of <i>P. brachypetiolatum</i> using hydrodistillation, yielding 1.5 ± 0.7%. Gas chromatography revealed the presence of sesquiterpenes (64.70%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (17.64%), monoterpenes (11.76%), and oxygenated monoterpenes (5.88%), with (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol as the major compound (64.32%). The EO and (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol exhibited significant larvicidal activity against A<i>. aegypti</i>, with LC<sub>50</sub> values of 15.51 and 9.50&#xa0;mg/L, respectively. They also inhibited AChE activity (IC<sub>50</sub> values of 44.97 and 11.07&#xa0;mg/L, respectively) and induced RONS overproduction (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) compared to the positive control, α-cypermethrin. Additionally, the EO and (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol showed no lethal effects on <i>T. haemorrhoidalis</i>, <i>A. bouvieri</i>, and <i>D. indicus</i>, with these species exhibiting 100% survival after exposure. In contrast, <i>α</i>-cypermethrin caused 100% mortality in these species. These findings highlight the potential of the EO from <i>P. brachypetiolatum</i> and (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol as effective and environmentally friendly alternatives for controlling <i>A. aegypti</i> larvae.</p>

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Larvicidal effect and mechanism of action of the essential oil and major compound from Piper brachypetiolatum against Aedes aegypti larvae, with protection of non-target aquatic animals

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月1日

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  • Suelen C. Lima,
  • André C. de Oliveira,
  • Maria Luiza L. da Costa,
  • Dayane D. Abensur,
  • Aylane Tamara dos S. Andrade,
  • Hergen V. de Souza,
  • Cláudia P. S. Tavares,
  • Sergio M. Nunomura,
  • Rita C. S. Nunomura,
  • Rosemary A. Roque

摘要

Botanical larvicides, such as essential oils (EO) from the Piper species, offer eco-friendly mosquito control by targeting Culicidae larvae while exhibiting low toxicity to non-target aquatic animals. This study investigated the larvicidal activity and mechanism of action of the essential oil (EO) from Piper brachypetiolatum and its main compound, (E)-nerolidol, against Aedes aegypti, as well as the effects on non-target aquatic organisms Toxorhynchites haemorrhoidalis, Anisops bouvieri, and Diplonychus indicus. The EO was extracted from the leaves of P. brachypetiolatum using hydrodistillation, yielding 1.5 ± 0.7%. Gas chromatography revealed the presence of sesquiterpenes (64.70%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (17.64%), monoterpenes (11.76%), and oxygenated monoterpenes (5.88%), with (E)-nerolidol as the major compound (64.32%). The EO and (E)-nerolidol exhibited significant larvicidal activity against A. aegypti, with LC50 values of 15.51 and 9.50 mg/L, respectively. They also inhibited AChE activity (IC50 values of 44.97 and 11.07 mg/L, respectively) and induced RONS overproduction (p < 0.05) compared to the positive control, α-cypermethrin. Additionally, the EO and (E)-nerolidol showed no lethal effects on T. haemorrhoidalis, A. bouvieri, and D. indicus, with these species exhibiting 100% survival after exposure. In contrast, α-cypermethrin caused 100% mortality in these species. These findings highlight the potential of the EO from P. brachypetiolatum and (E)-nerolidol as effective and environmentally friendly alternatives for controlling A. aegypti larvae.