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Background <p>Cigarette use increases the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. While electronic cigarettes (E.CIG) are promoted as a safer alternative, they may still cause neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. This study evaluated the effects of cigarette and electronic cigarette exposure on tactile learning, a subject that has not been previously investigated.</p> Method <p>Three groups of rats were exposed to air (control), cigarettes and E.CIG for 35 days. Behavioral tests including Open Field Test (OFT), Novel Texture Recognition Test (NTRT), and Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT) were performed. Furthermore, neural degeneration in hippocampus and barrel cortex was evaluated by histological method.</p> Result <p>The results of behavioral tests indicated that cognitive performance reduces in rats exposed to cigarettes and E.CIG compared to the control group. Therefore, it can be inferred that both cigarettes or E.CIG have the potential to harm the hippocampus and barrel cortex. Histological staining of the hippocampus and barrel cortex tissues of rats in the group exposed to cigarettes or E.CIG showed increase of cells with dark and pyknotic nuclei and dense and dark cytoplasm compared to the control group.</p> Conclusion <p>The study finds that both cigarettes and e-cigarettes impair tactile learning and memory function by reducing cell viability in the barrel cortex and hippocampus.</p>

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Tactile learning and memory deficits following cigarette and e-cigarette exposure: neural alterations in the barrel cortex and hippocampus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月22日

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  • Sina Delshad,
  • Mohammad Farajli Abbasi,
  • Nima Geraminia,
  • Elahe Rohani,
  • Farzaneh Vafaee,
  • Farahnaz Taheri,
  • Monavareh Soti,
  • Vahid Sheibani,
  • Mansoureh Sabzalizadeh

摘要

Background

Cigarette use increases the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. While electronic cigarettes (E.CIG) are promoted as a safer alternative, they may still cause neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. This study evaluated the effects of cigarette and electronic cigarette exposure on tactile learning, a subject that has not been previously investigated.

Method

Three groups of rats were exposed to air (control), cigarettes and E.CIG for 35 days. Behavioral tests including Open Field Test (OFT), Novel Texture Recognition Test (NTRT), and Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT) were performed. Furthermore, neural degeneration in hippocampus and barrel cortex was evaluated by histological method.

Result

The results of behavioral tests indicated that cognitive performance reduces in rats exposed to cigarettes and E.CIG compared to the control group. Therefore, it can be inferred that both cigarettes or E.CIG have the potential to harm the hippocampus and barrel cortex. Histological staining of the hippocampus and barrel cortex tissues of rats in the group exposed to cigarettes or E.CIG showed increase of cells with dark and pyknotic nuclei and dense and dark cytoplasm compared to the control group.

Conclusion

The study finds that both cigarettes and e-cigarettes impair tactile learning and memory function by reducing cell viability in the barrel cortex and hippocampus.