<p>Some species of woodpecker (Picidae), such as in the genus <i>Dendrocopos</i>, are known to occasionally hybridize. The distribution, biology and ecology of the Syrian Woodpecker (<i>Dendrocopos syriacus</i>) and the Great Spotted Woodpecker (<i>D. major</i>) are fairly well-known (less so in the case of Syrian), but these closely related species are seldom treated together in studies. To summarize the current state of knowledge, a search of the scientific literature was executed, using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) in Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. 149 articles were selected and examined to evaluate the omissions and inaccuracies in research on sympatric populations of these woodpeckers. 90% of articles were published on data collected in Central and Eastern Europe with only a few from the Balkans and Asia. Apart from general studies on woodpeckers’ morphology, distribution and ecology, there were articles describing congeneric interactions, both antagonistic (aggression) and breeding (cooperation, polyandry and hybridization). Hybridization seems to be the most important phenomenon in Syrian–Great Spotted Woodpecker relations. As research that deals with both species together is scant, the need to examine interactions is advisable to properly understand their ecology, ethology, breeding biology, and demography.</p>

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A review of co-occurrence and hybridization as neglected factors in studies of Syrian Woodpecker (Dendrocopos syriacus) and Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major)

  • Antonii Bakai,
  • Gerard Gorman,
  • Łukasz Kajtoch

摘要

Some species of woodpecker (Picidae), such as in the genus Dendrocopos, are known to occasionally hybridize. The distribution, biology and ecology of the Syrian Woodpecker (Dendrocopos syriacus) and the Great Spotted Woodpecker (D. major) are fairly well-known (less so in the case of Syrian), but these closely related species are seldom treated together in studies. To summarize the current state of knowledge, a search of the scientific literature was executed, using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) in Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. 149 articles were selected and examined to evaluate the omissions and inaccuracies in research on sympatric populations of these woodpeckers. 90% of articles were published on data collected in Central and Eastern Europe with only a few from the Balkans and Asia. Apart from general studies on woodpeckers’ morphology, distribution and ecology, there were articles describing congeneric interactions, both antagonistic (aggression) and breeding (cooperation, polyandry and hybridization). Hybridization seems to be the most important phenomenon in Syrian–Great Spotted Woodpecker relations. As research that deals with both species together is scant, the need to examine interactions is advisable to properly understand their ecology, ethology, breeding biology, and demography.