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<p>Diazotrophic cyanobacteria play a vital role in enhancing soil fertility through nitrogen fixation, offering a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers in rice paddy ecosystems. This study investigates their diversity and ecological dynamics across 15 paddy fields in Mizoram, India, spanning an elevation gradient—Champhai (1200–1400&#xa0;m), Kolasib (&lt; 100&#xa0;m), and Thenzawl (700–850&#xa0;m)—during growing (S1: July–September) and post-harvest (S2: November–December) seasons of 2023. Soil and water samples (<i>n</i> = 45 per season) were analyzed for physicochemical properties (pH, EC, temperature), nutrients (N, P, K), and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Fe, Mn, Zn). A total of 69 cyanobacterial species from 25 genera and 14 families were identified, with <i>Nostoc</i> dominating (60% S1, 46.67% S2). Elevation and seasonality influenced distribution, with Kolasib hosting unique species (e.g., <i>Aphanocapsa montana</i>) and Thenzawl showing seasonal shifts (e.g., <i>Lyngbya stagnina</i> in S2). Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.697, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) revealed temperature (VIP = 1.599) and organic carbon (VIP = 1.365) as the strongest predicators of genus abundance with pH (VIP = 0.484), EC (VIP = 0.134), nitrogen (VIP = 0.336), and phosphorus having weaker influences. These findings highlight cyanobacteria’s potential to improve nitrogen availability in Mizoram’s nutrient-poor, acidic soils, supporting sustainable rice production in hilly regions.</p>

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Diazotrophic cyanobacteria and their potential for sustainable rice production in paddy fields across an elevation gradient in Mizoram, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月19日

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  • Ruthi Lalmuanzeli,
  • Chawngthan Tluangi,
  • Lalchhanhimi Khiangte,
  • Surya Kant Mehta

摘要

Diazotrophic cyanobacteria play a vital role in enhancing soil fertility through nitrogen fixation, offering a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers in rice paddy ecosystems. This study investigates their diversity and ecological dynamics across 15 paddy fields in Mizoram, India, spanning an elevation gradient—Champhai (1200–1400 m), Kolasib (< 100 m), and Thenzawl (700–850 m)—during growing (S1: July–September) and post-harvest (S2: November–December) seasons of 2023. Soil and water samples (n = 45 per season) were analyzed for physicochemical properties (pH, EC, temperature), nutrients (N, P, K), and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Fe, Mn, Zn). A total of 69 cyanobacterial species from 25 genera and 14 families were identified, with Nostoc dominating (60% S1, 46.67% S2). Elevation and seasonality influenced distribution, with Kolasib hosting unique species (e.g., Aphanocapsa montana) and Thenzawl showing seasonal shifts (e.g., Lyngbya stagnina in S2). Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression (R2 = 0.697, P < 0.01) revealed temperature (VIP = 1.599) and organic carbon (VIP = 1.365) as the strongest predicators of genus abundance with pH (VIP = 0.484), EC (VIP = 0.134), nitrogen (VIP = 0.336), and phosphorus having weaker influences. These findings highlight cyanobacteria’s potential to improve nitrogen availability in Mizoram’s nutrient-poor, acidic soils, supporting sustainable rice production in hilly regions.