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<p>Traditional industrial methods of the leather industry produce toxic chromium-containing wastewater and solid wastes, calling for alternative procedures. Here, we review greener technologies to produce leather with focus on principles&#xa0;to design materials, high-efficiency chrome tanning, chrome-free processes, e.g.,&#xa0;organic tanning, combination tanning, nanomaterial-based tanning, and&#xa0;tanning&#xa0;agent-free&#xa0;technology, as well as&#xa0;high-performance post-tanning using multifunctional polymers, integrated tanning-dyeing systems, and socioeconomical aspects. High-efficiency chrome tanning is done by high-exhaustion chrome tanning or inverse chrome tanning, which reduce the usage of chrome. Organic tanning employs biomass-derived and polymeric tanning agents.</p>

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Environmentally-friendly tanning for leather production: a review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月25日

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  • Wei Ding,
  • Javier Remón,
  • Zhicheng Jiang

摘要

Traditional industrial methods of the leather industry produce toxic chromium-containing wastewater and solid wastes, calling for alternative procedures. Here, we review greener technologies to produce leather with focus on principles to design materials, high-efficiency chrome tanning, chrome-free processes, e.g., organic tanning, combination tanning, nanomaterial-based tanning, and tanning agent-free technology, as well as high-performance post-tanning using multifunctional polymers, integrated tanning-dyeing systems, and socioeconomical aspects. High-efficiency chrome tanning is done by high-exhaustion chrome tanning or inverse chrome tanning, which reduce the usage of chrome. Organic tanning employs biomass-derived and polymeric tanning agents.