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<p>The well-known precise point positioning-real-time kinematic (PPP-RTK) technique, which uses regional network-based atmospheric corrections for rapid ambiguity resolution, currently faces formidable challenges at low latitudes due to frequent ionospheric scintillation. To address this, we propose a series of advanced methods to mitigate the effects of ionospheric scintillation in PPP-RTK. On the server side, we use both single-differenced and double-differenced geometry-free (GF) combinations with enlarged threshold values for cycle-slip detection, which can potentially increase the number of augmentation corrections. Additionally, we develop an ionospheric-weighted model that accounts for the relationship between ionospheric activity and correction accuracy, providing a more accurate representation of the uncertainty in the correction. On the user side, after applying the atmospheric corrections, we modified the observations using the measured rate of ionospheric deviations to further mitigate the impact of dynamic electron content changes. Validation using data from 10 stations in the Hong Kong network (22.2°N to 22.6°N) shows that the proposed method significantly improves PPP-RTK performance. The root-mean-square (RMS) statistics show that the accuracies of our improved PPP-RTK solution in the horizontal and vertical components are better than 2&#xa0;cm and 4&#xa0;cm even under strong scintillation conditions, with significant improvement up to 50%-80% compared with the conventional PPP-RTK solution.</p>

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Enhancing PPP-RTK performance at low latitudes through mitigation of ionospheric scintillation effects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月17日

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  • Xin Li,
  • Bo Wang,
  • Xingxing Li,
  • Shengfeng Gu,
  • Junjie Han

摘要

The well-known precise point positioning-real-time kinematic (PPP-RTK) technique, which uses regional network-based atmospheric corrections for rapid ambiguity resolution, currently faces formidable challenges at low latitudes due to frequent ionospheric scintillation. To address this, we propose a series of advanced methods to mitigate the effects of ionospheric scintillation in PPP-RTK. On the server side, we use both single-differenced and double-differenced geometry-free (GF) combinations with enlarged threshold values for cycle-slip detection, which can potentially increase the number of augmentation corrections. Additionally, we develop an ionospheric-weighted model that accounts for the relationship between ionospheric activity and correction accuracy, providing a more accurate representation of the uncertainty in the correction. On the user side, after applying the atmospheric corrections, we modified the observations using the measured rate of ionospheric deviations to further mitigate the impact of dynamic electron content changes. Validation using data from 10 stations in the Hong Kong network (22.2°N to 22.6°N) shows that the proposed method significantly improves PPP-RTK performance. The root-mean-square (RMS) statistics show that the accuracies of our improved PPP-RTK solution in the horizontal and vertical components are better than 2 cm and 4 cm even under strong scintillation conditions, with significant improvement up to 50%-80% compared with the conventional PPP-RTK solution.