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<p>While the importance of export diversification is emphasized in development patterns, the gender issues in this process are rarely covered. This paper empirically assesses the contribution of women’s sectoral employment on the export diversification process. Specifically, we use a panel model of 125 developing countries from 1995 to 2018. The results obtained after several simulations and robustness tests to account for potential sources of endogeneity show that, overall, women’s employment in different economic sectors positively affects the level of export diversification in developing countries. However, this positive effect is not evident in the primary sector, though it is significant when women are employed in the industrial and service sectors. Specific training in sciences, engineering, and technology through education is the underlying mechanism that explains the results.</p>

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Women in sciences and engineering: Why leveling employment in industrial sector matters for economic diversification in developing countries?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • Luc Désiré Omgba,
  • Yselle Flora Malah-Kuete,
  • Désiré Avom

摘要

While the importance of export diversification is emphasized in development patterns, the gender issues in this process are rarely covered. This paper empirically assesses the contribution of women’s sectoral employment on the export diversification process. Specifically, we use a panel model of 125 developing countries from 1995 to 2018. The results obtained after several simulations and robustness tests to account for potential sources of endogeneity show that, overall, women’s employment in different economic sectors positively affects the level of export diversification in developing countries. However, this positive effect is not evident in the primary sector, though it is significant when women are employed in the industrial and service sectors. Specific training in sciences, engineering, and technology through education is the underlying mechanism that explains the results.