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<p>Wavelet decomposition (WD), widely used in radiomics, redistributes information among derived wavelet components when the input is rotated. This redistribution may alter predictions for the same lesion when scanned at different angles. Despite its potential significance, this vulnerability has frequently been overlooked in radiomic studies while its impact remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how variations in lesion orientation affect both WD and non-WD radiomic feature values, and subsequently, model performance. We analyzed CT radiomics of primary non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Prior to feature extraction, we introduced random rotations ranging from 5° to 80° to the tumors. Their effects were quantified by evaluating the percentage difference (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\%\Delta\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>%</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) between the rotated and unrotated feature values, and validated using Spearman’s rank test. Additionally, radiomics models were trained to discriminate between three histological subtypes of NSCLC using the original features, and then tested on rotated inputs. The correlation between the model accuracies and the degree of rotation was again evaluated using Spearman’s rank test. Four-hundred nineteen NSCLC patients (mean age: 68.1 ± 10.1, 289 men) were evaluated. Significant correlations between&#xa0;feature values and rotations (Spearman’s correlation [CC] magnitude ≥ 0.1, <i>p</i> &lt; .05) were found in 23.7% (176/744) of the WD and 0.5% (5/930) of the non-WD texture features. Significant association between performance and rotation was observed in WD-based models built to discriminate between NSCLC histological subtypes (CC =  − 0.44, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) but not in non-WD-based models (CC = 0.03, <i>p</i> = 0.07). Input lesion orientation affects radiomic feature values and model reproducibility. WD features exhibited significantly greater instability to orientation variations compared to non-WD features.</p>

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Decoding the Rotation Effect: A Retrospective Analysis of Lesion Orientation and Its Impact on Wavelet-Based Radiomics Feature Extraction and Lung Cancer Classification

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月6日

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  • Lun Matthew Wong,
  • Qi-yong Hemis Ai,
  • Ho Sang Leung,
  • Tifffany Yuen-Tung So,
  • Kuo Feng Hung,
  • Yuet-ting Chan,
  • Ann Dorothy King

摘要

Wavelet decomposition (WD), widely used in radiomics, redistributes information among derived wavelet components when the input is rotated. This redistribution may alter predictions for the same lesion when scanned at different angles. Despite its potential significance, this vulnerability has frequently been overlooked in radiomic studies while its impact remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how variations in lesion orientation affect both WD and non-WD radiomic feature values, and subsequently, model performance. We analyzed CT radiomics of primary non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Prior to feature extraction, we introduced random rotations ranging from 5° to 80° to the tumors. Their effects were quantified by evaluating the percentage difference ( \(\%\Delta\) % Δ ) between the rotated and unrotated feature values, and validated using Spearman’s rank test. Additionally, radiomics models were trained to discriminate between three histological subtypes of NSCLC using the original features, and then tested on rotated inputs. The correlation between the model accuracies and the degree of rotation was again evaluated using Spearman’s rank test. Four-hundred nineteen NSCLC patients (mean age: 68.1 ± 10.1, 289 men) were evaluated. Significant correlations between feature values and rotations (Spearman’s correlation [CC] magnitude ≥ 0.1, p < .05) were found in 23.7% (176/744) of the WD and 0.5% (5/930) of the non-WD texture features. Significant association between performance and rotation was observed in WD-based models built to discriminate between NSCLC histological subtypes (CC =  − 0.44, p < .001) but not in non-WD-based models (CC = 0.03, p = 0.07). Input lesion orientation affects radiomic feature values and model reproducibility. WD features exhibited significantly greater instability to orientation variations compared to non-WD features.