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<p>The subfamily Detarioideae stands out among legumes as a clade with diverse floral morphology. Within it, the seven genera of the Brownea clade exhibit significant variability, especially in the merism of corolla and androecium, inflorescence architecture, and pollination strategies. This study aims to expand the understanding of the morphology and development of inflorescences and flowers of six species within the clade: <i>Brownea longipedicellata</i>, <i>Brownea leucantha</i>, <i>Heterostemon mimosoides</i>, <i>Macrolobium suaveolens</i>, <i>Paloue paraensis</i> and <i>Paloue speciosa</i>. We also provided an anatomical analysis of the nectariferous hypanthium of four of these species<i>.</i> We discuss the roles of heterochrony and mechanical pressures in floral development and how these factors lead to the observed morphological diversity. The study reveals several ontogenetic novelties for the Brownea clade, such as the basipetal development of <i>B. longipedicellata</i> racemes, the erratic organogenesis of the flowers of <i>B. leucantha</i> due to mechanical pressure from adjacent flowers in the congested inflorescences, the heteromorphic development of the corolla in <i>H. mimosoides,</i> and the development of massive bracteoles of <i>M. suaveolens</i> impacting the development of subsequent whorls. We provide new insights on the meristic reduction in different taxa within Detarioideae. In addition, we observed that in the species of the clade <i>Heterostemon</i>+<i>Macrolobium</i>+<i>Paloue</i>, the adaxial petal surrounds the carpel in the bud, a previously undescribed feature in Detarioideae, and possibly a new synapomorphy of this clade. We describe the inflorescence development in the group, which varies from simple racemes in most taxa to large capituliform racemes in <i>Browneopsis</i> and in some species of <i>Brownea</i> and <i>Paloue</i>. We compare this inflorescence and floral diversity, including the anatomy of the hypanthium with different pollination syndromes, including entomophily, ornithophily, and chiropterophily.</p>

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Floral and inflorescence ontogeny in the Brownea clade (Fabaceae: Detarioideae):insights into a morphologically diverse lineage of legumes

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Ana Tereza Novaes Parga Rodrigues,
  • Marcus José de Azevedo Falcão,
  • Vidal de Freitas Mansano

摘要

The subfamily Detarioideae stands out among legumes as a clade with diverse floral morphology. Within it, the seven genera of the Brownea clade exhibit significant variability, especially in the merism of corolla and androecium, inflorescence architecture, and pollination strategies. This study aims to expand the understanding of the morphology and development of inflorescences and flowers of six species within the clade: Brownea longipedicellata, Brownea leucantha, Heterostemon mimosoides, Macrolobium suaveolens, Paloue paraensis and Paloue speciosa. We also provided an anatomical analysis of the nectariferous hypanthium of four of these species. We discuss the roles of heterochrony and mechanical pressures in floral development and how these factors lead to the observed morphological diversity. The study reveals several ontogenetic novelties for the Brownea clade, such as the basipetal development of B. longipedicellata racemes, the erratic organogenesis of the flowers of B. leucantha due to mechanical pressure from adjacent flowers in the congested inflorescences, the heteromorphic development of the corolla in H. mimosoides, and the development of massive bracteoles of M. suaveolens impacting the development of subsequent whorls. We provide new insights on the meristic reduction in different taxa within Detarioideae. In addition, we observed that in the species of the clade Heterostemon+Macrolobium+Paloue, the adaxial petal surrounds the carpel in the bud, a previously undescribed feature in Detarioideae, and possibly a new synapomorphy of this clade. We describe the inflorescence development in the group, which varies from simple racemes in most taxa to large capituliform racemes in Browneopsis and in some species of Brownea and Paloue. We compare this inflorescence and floral diversity, including the anatomy of the hypanthium with different pollination syndromes, including entomophily, ornithophily, and chiropterophily.