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Background <p>CD109 is overexpressed in various tumors, but its role in hematologic malignancies, particularly acute B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), remains unclear.</p> Methods <p>CD109 expression was assessed at both mRNA and protein levels in B-ALL patients using real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) and multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC). The relationship between CD109 expression and clinical and laboratory parameters was examined. The potential of CD109 as a marker for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection was evaluated. Functional studies were conducted in leukemia cell lines.</p> Results <p>CD109 mRNA was significantly upregulated in newly diagnosed and relapsed B-ALL patients compared to healthy controls and remission cases. MFC revealed CD109 positivity in 79.0% B-ALL patients, with higher rates in relapsed cases (85.7%) and CD34 + B-ALL patients. CD109 expression was minimal in mature B cells and precursors B cell. CD109 expression remained stable across disease phases including diagnosis, MRD positivity, and relapse. Functional assays demonstrated that CD109-positive Nalm6 cells exhibited significantly increased proliferative and invasive abilities.</p> Conclusion <p>CD109 is upregulated in B-ALL and promotes leukemia cell proliferation and migration. Its consistent expression across disease stages suggests it may be a promising marker for MRD detection, highlighting its clinical significance in leukemia management.</p>

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The expression of CD109 in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its potential as a promising marker for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月14日

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  • Zhifang Xu,
  • Shaotong Dong,
  • Yi Chen,
  • Lixia Wang,
  • Fanggang Ren,
  • Yunxia Wang,
  • Xiaojuan Wang,
  • Dan Liu,
  • Bianbian Qiao,
  • Ju Deng,
  • Yingxia Gu,
  • Kai Dong,
  • Yaofang Zhang,
  • Jianmei Chang,
  • Hongwei Wang

摘要

Background

CD109 is overexpressed in various tumors, but its role in hematologic malignancies, particularly acute B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), remains unclear.

Methods

CD109 expression was assessed at both mRNA and protein levels in B-ALL patients using real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) and multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC). The relationship between CD109 expression and clinical and laboratory parameters was examined. The potential of CD109 as a marker for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection was evaluated. Functional studies were conducted in leukemia cell lines.

Results

CD109 mRNA was significantly upregulated in newly diagnosed and relapsed B-ALL patients compared to healthy controls and remission cases. MFC revealed CD109 positivity in 79.0% B-ALL patients, with higher rates in relapsed cases (85.7%) and CD34 + B-ALL patients. CD109 expression was minimal in mature B cells and precursors B cell. CD109 expression remained stable across disease phases including diagnosis, MRD positivity, and relapse. Functional assays demonstrated that CD109-positive Nalm6 cells exhibited significantly increased proliferative and invasive abilities.

Conclusion

CD109 is upregulated in B-ALL and promotes leukemia cell proliferation and migration. Its consistent expression across disease stages suggests it may be a promising marker for MRD detection, highlighting its clinical significance in leukemia management.