Scholarlink

<p>The global model predictions were used to compare the dynamics and submesoscale processes at the Polar Front (PF) southwest of Svalbard, Norway, in October 2022 and November 2023. The analysis revealed that Rossby numbers rarely exceeded 0.5 in November 2023, whereas multiple instances of Rossby numbers greater than one were observed in October 2022. This suggests weaker submesoscale processes at the PF in November 2023 compared to October 2022, potentially driven by a greater influx of fresher Arctic water from eastern Svalbard during the October 2022 period. This difference in Arctic water influx was supported by analyses of water mass hydrographic history, surface salinity maps, and density gradients. Surface frontogenesis was also weaker in November 2023 compared to October 2022. Both observed and modeled winds showed weaker along-front components relative to cross-front components, resulting in weaker nonlinear Ekman transport and nonlinear Ekman pumping at the PF compared to the front in Monterey Bay, CA. While the magnitudes of surface frontogenesis at the PF and Monterey Bay are comparable—particularly in October 2022—nonlinear Ekman transport and pumping are an order of magnitude smaller at the PF during both periods. This difference likely explains the weaker ageostrophic secondary circulation and associated vertical velocities at the PF compared to the front in Monterey Bay.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Submesoscale processes at the Polar Front in the southwestern area of Svalbard

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月24日

查看全文
  • Igor Shulman,
  • Ewa Jarosz,
  • Stephanie Cayula,
  • E. Joseph Metzger

摘要

The global model predictions were used to compare the dynamics and submesoscale processes at the Polar Front (PF) southwest of Svalbard, Norway, in October 2022 and November 2023. The analysis revealed that Rossby numbers rarely exceeded 0.5 in November 2023, whereas multiple instances of Rossby numbers greater than one were observed in October 2022. This suggests weaker submesoscale processes at the PF in November 2023 compared to October 2022, potentially driven by a greater influx of fresher Arctic water from eastern Svalbard during the October 2022 period. This difference in Arctic water influx was supported by analyses of water mass hydrographic history, surface salinity maps, and density gradients. Surface frontogenesis was also weaker in November 2023 compared to October 2022. Both observed and modeled winds showed weaker along-front components relative to cross-front components, resulting in weaker nonlinear Ekman transport and nonlinear Ekman pumping at the PF compared to the front in Monterey Bay, CA. While the magnitudes of surface frontogenesis at the PF and Monterey Bay are comparable—particularly in October 2022—nonlinear Ekman transport and pumping are an order of magnitude smaller at the PF during both periods. This difference likely explains the weaker ageostrophic secondary circulation and associated vertical velocities at the PF compared to the front in Monterey Bay.