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<p><i>Ocosia fasciata</i> Matsubara 1943 (Synanceiidae: Tetraroginae) is redescribed on the basis of the lectotype, 37 available paralectotypes and 39 non-type specimens from Japan and Taiwan. A reassessment of diagnostic characters within the genus is made, with emphasis on comparisons with the morphologically similar congener <i>Ocosia zaspilota</i> Poss and Eschmeyer 1975, and two other Japanese congeners, <i>Ocosia spinosa</i> Chen 1981 and <i>Ocosia vespa</i> Jordan and Starks 1904. <i>Ocosia fasciata</i> is distinguished from <i>O</i>. <i>zaspilota</i> by a relatively narrower body and longer head, in addition to previously recognized differences in the lengths of the anterior dorsal-fin spines. <i>Ocosia fasciata</i> also tends to have slightly fewer lateral-line tubes and gill rakers that <i>O</i>. <i>zaspilota</i>. <i>Ocosia spinosa</i> and <i>O</i>. <i>vespa</i> share a combination of characters, including usually 16 dorsal-fin spines (almost always 15 in <i>O</i>. <i>fasciata</i>), the presence of lateral lacrimal and suborbital spines (almost always absent), moderately incised or weakly concave interspinous dorsal-fin membranes (strongly incised), and a relatively broad membrane between the last pelvic-fin soft ray and abdomen (narrow). Compared with <i>O</i>. <i>spinosa</i>, <i>O. vespa</i> has broader dorsal-fin membranes, apparently lacking incisions in life, although slightly concave in preserved specimens, and densely distributed papillae on both jaws. Molecular analyses based on mitochondrial COI sequences (443 bp) showed no clear interspecific divergence among the four species, despite clear morphological differentiation, suggesting that COI-based DNA barcoding does not consistently match morphological species definitions in <i>Ocosia</i>.</p>

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Redescription of Ocosia fasciata Matsubara 1943 (Synanceiidae: Tetraroginae), with revised diagnoses for O. spinosa, O. vespa and O. zaspilota

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Mizuki Matsunuma,
  • Sirikanya Chungthanawong,
  • Luna Yamamori,
  • Yoshiaki Kai,
  • Hiroyuki Motomura

摘要

Ocosia fasciata Matsubara 1943 (Synanceiidae: Tetraroginae) is redescribed on the basis of the lectotype, 37 available paralectotypes and 39 non-type specimens from Japan and Taiwan. A reassessment of diagnostic characters within the genus is made, with emphasis on comparisons with the morphologically similar congener Ocosia zaspilota Poss and Eschmeyer 1975, and two other Japanese congeners, Ocosia spinosa Chen 1981 and Ocosia vespa Jordan and Starks 1904. Ocosia fasciata is distinguished from O. zaspilota by a relatively narrower body and longer head, in addition to previously recognized differences in the lengths of the anterior dorsal-fin spines. Ocosia fasciata also tends to have slightly fewer lateral-line tubes and gill rakers that O. zaspilota. Ocosia spinosa and O. vespa share a combination of characters, including usually 16 dorsal-fin spines (almost always 15 in O. fasciata), the presence of lateral lacrimal and suborbital spines (almost always absent), moderately incised or weakly concave interspinous dorsal-fin membranes (strongly incised), and a relatively broad membrane between the last pelvic-fin soft ray and abdomen (narrow). Compared with O. spinosa, O. vespa has broader dorsal-fin membranes, apparently lacking incisions in life, although slightly concave in preserved specimens, and densely distributed papillae on both jaws. Molecular analyses based on mitochondrial COI sequences (443 bp) showed no clear interspecific divergence among the four species, despite clear morphological differentiation, suggesting that COI-based DNA barcoding does not consistently match morphological species definitions in Ocosia.