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<p>The abundance and diversity of insects and freshwater organisms are declining worldwide. The endangered Japanese diving beetle, <i>Cybister lewisianus&#xa0;</i>(Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), remains poorly understood in terms of its ecology. This study investigated the field phenology and prey composition of <i>C. lewisianus</i> larvae, alongside their growth performance and prey preferences under laboratory experiments. Field surveys were conducted in ponds located in the Noto region of Ishikawa Prefecture and the Amakusa region of Kumamoto Prefecture, involving collection and nighttime visual observations. Larvae appeared from May to September and primarily consumed aquatic invertebrates such as Odonata nymphs, Ephemeroptera nymphs, and shrimp, with prey composition shifting ontogenetically from smaller insects to swimmer-type prey such as shrimp. Laboratory experiments using four prey types (Odonata nymphs, shrimp, fish, and tadpoles) showed that larvae were able to complete development on all prey types, and that 1st instar larvae exhibited no clear prey preference. Therefore, conservation strategies should focus on maintaining structurally complex ponds that support diverse prey communities essential for larval development.</p>

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Feeding habits of the endangered diving beetle Cybister lewisianus larvae

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Taichi Fukuoka,
  • Kohei Watanabe,
  • Eishi Matsui,
  • Tomoki Sumikawa,
  • Shin-ya Ohba

摘要

The abundance and diversity of insects and freshwater organisms are declining worldwide. The endangered Japanese diving beetle, Cybister lewisianus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), remains poorly understood in terms of its ecology. This study investigated the field phenology and prey composition of C. lewisianus larvae, alongside their growth performance and prey preferences under laboratory experiments. Field surveys were conducted in ponds located in the Noto region of Ishikawa Prefecture and the Amakusa region of Kumamoto Prefecture, involving collection and nighttime visual observations. Larvae appeared from May to September and primarily consumed aquatic invertebrates such as Odonata nymphs, Ephemeroptera nymphs, and shrimp, with prey composition shifting ontogenetically from smaller insects to swimmer-type prey such as shrimp. Laboratory experiments using four prey types (Odonata nymphs, shrimp, fish, and tadpoles) showed that larvae were able to complete development on all prey types, and that 1st instar larvae exhibited no clear prey preference. Therefore, conservation strategies should focus on maintaining structurally complex ponds that support diverse prey communities essential for larval development.