<p>How hyporheic invertebrates at relatively shallow depths cope with floods, sediment erosion, and deposition that involve vertical and horizontal distribution shifts of particles is not well understood. This study examined the responses of macroinvertebrate communities in both benthic and hyporheic zones (30- to 50-cm deep from the riverbed) to flow release in a gravel-covered point bar and an adjacent river. Field measurements were conducted at a fine temporal resolution (a few hours before and 4&#xa0;days after an artificial flood) to describe the immediate colonization responses to the event. Hyporheic communities exhibited little change during flooding, whereas benthic communities exhibited a substantial reduction in total abundance. Most strikingly, at the taxon level, the numerically dominant hyporheic species, <i>Alloperla ishikariana</i>, at relatively shallow depths, increased substantially in the hyporheic zone where flood-induced sediment was deposited near the river channel, and this increase was positively correlated with the deposited sediment depth (up to 45&#xa0;cm). This study demonstrated that flood-induced sediment deposition drives rapid invertebrate colonization of the hyporheic zone. The rare field observation suggests short-term movements of hyporheic species during flooding, which could explain how hyporheic invertebrates survive flood events. Experiments with artificial floods provide promising opportunities for hyporheic studies.</p>