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<p>Sand lances have a dormancy called “estivation” from summer to winter. A previous study showed that estivation is initiated by a circannual mechanism that can be triggered even at low water temperatures. We found that under natural temperature-shift, temporal swimming impairment (TSI) occurred during the former estivation period, and after that, the swimming ability was restored; nevertheless, the fish remained in sand. Although swimming was simultaneously suppressed at low water temperature, TSI was rarely observed, suggesting that they were under "estivation-<i>like</i>" status. The results suggest that water temperature does not trigger estivation onset but affects dormancy depth.</p>

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Temporal swimming impairment during estivation in western sand lance Ammodytes japonicus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月11日

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  • Noriko Amiya,
  • Shizuha Hibino,
  • Morio Azuma,
  • Chikaya Tanaka,
  • Masaki Kataoka,
  • Nayu Nakano,
  • Ryota Takakura,
  • Masafumi Amano,
  • Tatsuki Yoshinaga

摘要

Sand lances have a dormancy called “estivation” from summer to winter. A previous study showed that estivation is initiated by a circannual mechanism that can be triggered even at low water temperatures. We found that under natural temperature-shift, temporal swimming impairment (TSI) occurred during the former estivation period, and after that, the swimming ability was restored; nevertheless, the fish remained in sand. Although swimming was simultaneously suppressed at low water temperature, TSI was rarely observed, suggesting that they were under "estivation-like" status. The results suggest that water temperature does not trigger estivation onset but affects dormancy depth.