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<p>This study demonstrates a sustainable approach to converting nitrile rubber (NBR) scrap from glove production into value-added elastomers via a devulcanization process. The devulcanizing temperature, time, and devulcanization aid concentration were optimized. The optimal devulcanization condition (1.0 phr DPDS, 170&#xa0;°C, 6&#xa0;min) yielded recycled NBR (rNBR) with 20% reduction in cross-link density and 12.6% to 18.5% increase in sol fraction, respectively. Further focus of this study was to develop conductive rubber composites based on NBR scrap. The reinforcement and electrical conductivity of NR/rNBR blends with various multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) contents (0–5 phr) were studied. NR-rich blends (NR/rNBR = 75/25) exhibited reversion curing behavior, whereas rNBR-rich blends showed plateau curing curves due to improved thermal stability. Adding MWCNT nanoparticles boosted tensile strength and modulus in rNBR-rich blends. However, elongation declined because chain mobility became more restricted. Notably, electrical conductivity increased substantially with higher MWCNTs content, and the percolation threshold was lower in rNBR-rich blends (<i>p</i><sub>c</sub> = 0.35 phr). This improvement is attributed to residual crosslinked networks in rNBR that promote the formation of MWCNT networks in NR/rNBR blends. These findings highlight the potential of NR/rNBR/MWCNT composites to deliver enhanced mechanical and electrical properties while valorizing glove waste, advancing sustainable material applications.</p>

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Facile strategy for valorization of nitrile butadiene rubber wastes into a valuable resource for conductive rubber nanocomposites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Nabil Hayeemasae,
  • Anoma Thitithammawong,
  • Subhan Salaeh,
  • Sitisaiyidah Saiwari

摘要

This study demonstrates a sustainable approach to converting nitrile rubber (NBR) scrap from glove production into value-added elastomers via a devulcanization process. The devulcanizing temperature, time, and devulcanization aid concentration were optimized. The optimal devulcanization condition (1.0 phr DPDS, 170 °C, 6 min) yielded recycled NBR (rNBR) with 20% reduction in cross-link density and 12.6% to 18.5% increase in sol fraction, respectively. Further focus of this study was to develop conductive rubber composites based on NBR scrap. The reinforcement and electrical conductivity of NR/rNBR blends with various multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) contents (0–5 phr) were studied. NR-rich blends (NR/rNBR = 75/25) exhibited reversion curing behavior, whereas rNBR-rich blends showed plateau curing curves due to improved thermal stability. Adding MWCNT nanoparticles boosted tensile strength and modulus in rNBR-rich blends. However, elongation declined because chain mobility became more restricted. Notably, electrical conductivity increased substantially with higher MWCNTs content, and the percolation threshold was lower in rNBR-rich blends (pc = 0.35 phr). This improvement is attributed to residual crosslinked networks in rNBR that promote the formation of MWCNT networks in NR/rNBR blends. These findings highlight the potential of NR/rNBR/MWCNT composites to deliver enhanced mechanical and electrical properties while valorizing glove waste, advancing sustainable material applications.