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<p>Electronic waste (e-waste) has long been associated with household e-waste. However, industrial electronic waste (IEW) generated from bulk procurement and disposal of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) by firms remains a nascent and under-researched domain in Pakistan. This study aims to assess IEW generation and disposal practices of 901 engineering firms in Pakistan with a particular focus on firms e-waste generation and disposal relationship with firm demographics (firm size, type, sector, and location). Using multinomial logit (MNL) and multivariate (MV) regression models, the study finds that most firms are unaware of what happens to their e-waste after disposal and primarily rely on informal scrap dealers. Current IEW generation is estimated at 1.54 kilotonnes (kt), projected to rise to 2.15 kt. Firm size emerges as a significant factor, with larger firms generating more e-waste than medium or small. The informal disposal practices underscores the urgent need to raise awareness among firms and disposal entities regarding environmental repercussions of e-waste disposal. Policy interventions should promote firm size sensitive procurement and disposal regulations. Furthermore, EEE manufacturers should consider transitioning to leasing-based models with sustainable product design, supported by the immediate implementation of an Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) framework.</p>

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Industrial electronic waste: a study of 901 engineering firms in Pakistan

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月30日

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  • Mohammad Armughan

摘要

Electronic waste (e-waste) has long been associated with household e-waste. However, industrial electronic waste (IEW) generated from bulk procurement and disposal of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) by firms remains a nascent and under-researched domain in Pakistan. This study aims to assess IEW generation and disposal practices of 901 engineering firms in Pakistan with a particular focus on firms e-waste generation and disposal relationship with firm demographics (firm size, type, sector, and location). Using multinomial logit (MNL) and multivariate (MV) regression models, the study finds that most firms are unaware of what happens to their e-waste after disposal and primarily rely on informal scrap dealers. Current IEW generation is estimated at 1.54 kilotonnes (kt), projected to rise to 2.15 kt. Firm size emerges as a significant factor, with larger firms generating more e-waste than medium or small. The informal disposal practices underscores the urgent need to raise awareness among firms and disposal entities regarding environmental repercussions of e-waste disposal. Policy interventions should promote firm size sensitive procurement and disposal regulations. Furthermore, EEE manufacturers should consider transitioning to leasing-based models with sustainable product design, supported by the immediate implementation of an Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) framework.