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<p>Polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber (PAN CF) is widely applied in aerospace and wind power. Precursor production contributes approximately 40–50% of the environmental impact of PAN CF, considering the cradle-to-gate system boundary. China, the largest PAN precursor producer, primarily employs DMAc two-step wet spinning and DMSO one-step dry-jet wet spinning, but local environmental footprint studies are scarce. This study develops detailed life cycle inventory (LCI) datasets for 1 t of PAN precursor via the two mainstream processes and performs life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify environmental impacts, including global warming potential (GWP) and primary energy demand (PED). Results show GWP of 8771.5 and 11085.4&#xa0;kg CO₂e/t for the DMAc and DMSO routes, respectively. Electricity carbon intensity, steam heat utilization, and acrylonitrile production were identified as key drivers. Driving factor and electricity scenario analyses were conducted to evaluate process-specific carbon reduction strategies and identify a grid carbon intensity threshold (&lt; 0.2865&#xa0;kg CO<sub>2</sub>e/kWh) for switching from steam to electric heating. This study fills the gap of LCI data for PAN precursor production in China, captures technological differentiation patterns in Chinese industry, and provides quantitative guidance for low-carbon industrial development.</p>

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Carbon footprint and decarbonization pathways of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber precursors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月30日

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  • Meifang Guo,
  • Weihua Yang,
  • Yaping Li,
  • Lushuang Han

摘要

Polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber (PAN CF) is widely applied in aerospace and wind power. Precursor production contributes approximately 40–50% of the environmental impact of PAN CF, considering the cradle-to-gate system boundary. China, the largest PAN precursor producer, primarily employs DMAc two-step wet spinning and DMSO one-step dry-jet wet spinning, but local environmental footprint studies are scarce. This study develops detailed life cycle inventory (LCI) datasets for 1 t of PAN precursor via the two mainstream processes and performs life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify environmental impacts, including global warming potential (GWP) and primary energy demand (PED). Results show GWP of 8771.5 and 11085.4 kg CO₂e/t for the DMAc and DMSO routes, respectively. Electricity carbon intensity, steam heat utilization, and acrylonitrile production were identified as key drivers. Driving factor and electricity scenario analyses were conducted to evaluate process-specific carbon reduction strategies and identify a grid carbon intensity threshold (< 0.2865 kg CO2e/kWh) for switching from steam to electric heating. This study fills the gap of LCI data for PAN precursor production in China, captures technological differentiation patterns in Chinese industry, and provides quantitative guidance for low-carbon industrial development.