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<p>Marine litter accumulation along complex coastal systems is shaped by interactions among human activities, coastal morphology, and offshore transport processes, yet the relative influence of these drivers remains poorly resolved at regional scales. This study investigated spatial heterogeneity in coastal litter accumulation across western Kyushu, Japan, using litter composition and anthropogenic–environmental proxy variables. Surveys conducted at 19 coastal sites in Hakata Bay, Itoshima Peninsula, Tsushima Island, and Goto Islands revealed pronounced regional differentiation in both litter abundance and composition. Offshore-exposed island coasts, particularly in Tsushima Island and Goto Islands, exhibited substantially greater accumulation of fishing-related debris and packaging waste than the comparatively managed urban coasts of Hakata Bay. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) consistently demonstrated clear separation between offshore island systems and enclosed urban bay environments. These findings suggest that coastal litter accumulation in western Kyushu is structured not only by local anthropogenic pressure, but also by broader oceanographic connectivity associated with Tsushima Current.</p>

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Influence of multiple anthropogenic factors on coastal litter: A case study in western Kyushu, Japan

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Yawen Song,
  • Satoquo Seino

摘要

Marine litter accumulation along complex coastal systems is shaped by interactions among human activities, coastal morphology, and offshore transport processes, yet the relative influence of these drivers remains poorly resolved at regional scales. This study investigated spatial heterogeneity in coastal litter accumulation across western Kyushu, Japan, using litter composition and anthropogenic–environmental proxy variables. Surveys conducted at 19 coastal sites in Hakata Bay, Itoshima Peninsula, Tsushima Island, and Goto Islands revealed pronounced regional differentiation in both litter abundance and composition. Offshore-exposed island coasts, particularly in Tsushima Island and Goto Islands, exhibited substantially greater accumulation of fishing-related debris and packaging waste than the comparatively managed urban coasts of Hakata Bay. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) consistently demonstrated clear separation between offshore island systems and enclosed urban bay environments. These findings suggest that coastal litter accumulation in western Kyushu is structured not only by local anthropogenic pressure, but also by broader oceanographic connectivity associated with Tsushima Current.