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<p>Biodegradable polymers often fail to fully degrade due to structural and environmental factors. With increasing global use of biodegradable packaging, developing sustainable recycling methods such as pyrolysis has become a key priority. In this study, analytical pyrolysis hyphenated with gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) is used to assess the resource recovery potential of two biodegradable plastics, polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT)-PLA blend. These packaging materials were characterized for their elemental composition, thermal stability and structure using different techniques. The efficacy of HZSM-5 in the selective recovery of specific chemicals from the plastics was studied at 400&#xa0;°C, 500&#xa0;°C and 600&#xa0;°C. Acetaldehyde, 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione, and 3,6-dimethyl- (<span>D</span>-, <span>L</span>-lactide-) were identified as major products from non-catalytic pyrolysis of PLA. At 500&#xa0;°C acetaldehyde was enhanced compared to 400&#xa0;°C and 600&#xa0;°C, whereas ester compounds were the dominant products at 400&#xa0;°C. The primary products from non-catalytic pyrolysis of PBAT-PLA blend included 1,3-butadiene, 3-butenyl adipate, bis-(butenyl) adipate esters and cyclopentanone. This showed that C – C bond fission and further free radical reactions play key roles in PBAT pyrolysis. In situ catalytic pyrolysis using HZSM-5 predominantly promoted the formation of monocyclic and bicyclic aromatic compounds across all investigated temperatures, while a more diverse product distribution was observed at 600&#xa0;°C. Notably, catalytic pyrolysis of the PBAT/PLA blend produced mainly C₆–C₁₂ gasoline-range hydrocarbons, due to the shape selective activity of HZSM-5.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Effect of HZSM-5 catalyst on product distribution of pyrolysis of PLA and PBAT/PLA blend

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月29日

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  • Khulud Alsouleman,
  • Subhan Kumar Pal,
  • M. S. Giridara Srinivaas,
  • Frank Behrendt,
  • Ravikrishnan Vinu

摘要

Biodegradable polymers often fail to fully degrade due to structural and environmental factors. With increasing global use of biodegradable packaging, developing sustainable recycling methods such as pyrolysis has become a key priority. In this study, analytical pyrolysis hyphenated with gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) is used to assess the resource recovery potential of two biodegradable plastics, polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT)-PLA blend. These packaging materials were characterized for their elemental composition, thermal stability and structure using different techniques. The efficacy of HZSM-5 in the selective recovery of specific chemicals from the plastics was studied at 400 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C. Acetaldehyde, 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione, and 3,6-dimethyl- (D-, L-lactide-) were identified as major products from non-catalytic pyrolysis of PLA. At 500 °C acetaldehyde was enhanced compared to 400 °C and 600 °C, whereas ester compounds were the dominant products at 400 °C. The primary products from non-catalytic pyrolysis of PBAT-PLA blend included 1,3-butadiene, 3-butenyl adipate, bis-(butenyl) adipate esters and cyclopentanone. This showed that C – C bond fission and further free radical reactions play key roles in PBAT pyrolysis. In situ catalytic pyrolysis using HZSM-5 predominantly promoted the formation of monocyclic and bicyclic aromatic compounds across all investigated temperatures, while a more diverse product distribution was observed at 600 °C. Notably, catalytic pyrolysis of the PBAT/PLA blend produced mainly C₆–C₁₂ gasoline-range hydrocarbons, due to the shape selective activity of HZSM-5.

Graphical abstract