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<p>This study investigated the impact of mixing biochar with compost biofilters for stable operation under high ammonia gas conditions. The ammonia removal performance of compost biofilters with 0, 10, 25, and 50% biochar (dry basis) was tested at ammonia concentrations of 1000 and 2000 ppm. Results showed that all biofilters initially had 100% removal efficiency but decreased below 80% after days 24 to 28 at 1000 ppm and days 7 to 9 at 2000 ppm. Biochar-mixed biofilters demonstrated enhanced ammonia removal, with capacities ranging from 1.50 to 1.70&#xa0;g m<sup>–3</sup>-biofilter at 2000 ppm and 2.44 to 2.67&#xa0;g m<sup>–3</sup>-biofilter at 1000 ppm, compared to 1.16 and 2.07&#xa0;g m<sup>–3</sup>-biofilter for the compost-only biofilter. The 25% biochar-mixed biofilter had the highest removal capacity at both concentrations. Ammonia removal occurred primarily through NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> adsorption, chemical precipitation, and biological processes like nitrification and denitrification. Biochar improved these mechanisms due to its high adsorption capacity, abundant nutrients, and large surface area. However, biochar-mixed biofilters were less effective at higher ammonia concentrations in activating microbial activity and chemical precipitation.</p>

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Mixing biochar with compost biofilters to improve removal of ammonia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月21日

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  • Yunsik Shin,
  • Takanori Itoh,
  • Dai Hanajima,
  • Kazunori Iwabuchi,
  • Mahmudul Islam Piash

摘要

This study investigated the impact of mixing biochar with compost biofilters for stable operation under high ammonia gas conditions. The ammonia removal performance of compost biofilters with 0, 10, 25, and 50% biochar (dry basis) was tested at ammonia concentrations of 1000 and 2000 ppm. Results showed that all biofilters initially had 100% removal efficiency but decreased below 80% after days 24 to 28 at 1000 ppm and days 7 to 9 at 2000 ppm. Biochar-mixed biofilters demonstrated enhanced ammonia removal, with capacities ranging from 1.50 to 1.70 g m–3-biofilter at 2000 ppm and 2.44 to 2.67 g m–3-biofilter at 1000 ppm, compared to 1.16 and 2.07 g m–3-biofilter for the compost-only biofilter. The 25% biochar-mixed biofilter had the highest removal capacity at both concentrations. Ammonia removal occurred primarily through NH4+ adsorption, chemical precipitation, and biological processes like nitrification and denitrification. Biochar improved these mechanisms due to its high adsorption capacity, abundant nutrients, and large surface area. However, biochar-mixed biofilters were less effective at higher ammonia concentrations in activating microbial activity and chemical precipitation.