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<p>This study explores an innovative approach to upcycling tannery solid waste (TSW) by converting it into high-performance composite materials for footwear production. The composites were made by combining TSW with jute fibers, latex, and additives such as Titanium oxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>), Aluminum sulfate (Al<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>), and Silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) to improve mechanical properties and durability. The materials were tested for tensile strength, elongation, stitch tear strength, water absorption, and thermal stability. Sample I, with 75% leather fiber and 25% jute fiber, showed the highest tensile strength (3.57&#xa0;MPa), a stitch tear strength of 28.3&#xa0;N/mm, and significantly reduced water absorption (18.12%), outperforming control samples and meeting industrial standards for footwear applications. Thermal analysis (TGA) demonstrated enhanced stability up to 353&#xa0;°C. Beyond mechanical performance, the process establishes a scalable waste-to-wealth pathway, effectively diverting approximately 1.35&#xa0;kg of hazardous waste per square meter of material produced. These findings validate the potential of jute-reinforced leather composites as sustainable, cost-effective alternatives to synthetic leather, directly contributing to SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). This study paves the way for adopting circular economy principles in industrial practices and offers a solution for the environmental challenges posed by tannery waste. Future research could focus on the long-term durability and economic feasibility of scaling this approach.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Innovative use of tannery solid waste and jute fiber in sustainable leather composites for footwear in Bangladesh

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月27日

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  • Mohon Chandra Dhar,
  • Saidur Rahman Shakil,
  • Md. Amjad Hossain,
  • Md. Abdus Shabur,
  • Umme Habiba Nila,
  • Md. Abdul Mottalib

摘要

This study explores an innovative approach to upcycling tannery solid waste (TSW) by converting it into high-performance composite materials for footwear production. The composites were made by combining TSW with jute fibers, latex, and additives such as Titanium oxide (TiO2), Aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3), and Silicon dioxide (SiO2) to improve mechanical properties and durability. The materials were tested for tensile strength, elongation, stitch tear strength, water absorption, and thermal stability. Sample I, with 75% leather fiber and 25% jute fiber, showed the highest tensile strength (3.57 MPa), a stitch tear strength of 28.3 N/mm, and significantly reduced water absorption (18.12%), outperforming control samples and meeting industrial standards for footwear applications. Thermal analysis (TGA) demonstrated enhanced stability up to 353 °C. Beyond mechanical performance, the process establishes a scalable waste-to-wealth pathway, effectively diverting approximately 1.35 kg of hazardous waste per square meter of material produced. These findings validate the potential of jute-reinforced leather composites as sustainable, cost-effective alternatives to synthetic leather, directly contributing to SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). This study paves the way for adopting circular economy principles in industrial practices and offers a solution for the environmental challenges posed by tannery waste. Future research could focus on the long-term durability and economic feasibility of scaling this approach.

Graphical abstract