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<p>Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is a pivotal component of urban infrastructure, directly influencing environmental quality, public health, and sustainable urban development. Amid rapid urbanization and mounting waste generation, public–private partnership (PPP) models have emerged as viable frameworks for efficient and inclusive waste management. This study investigates the socioeconomic impacts of PPP-based MSWM projects through a mixed-methods approach comprising 90 validated cross-sectional survey responses and 20 semi-structured expert interviews across three operational cases in India. The findings reveal that 75.7% of surveyed respondents view PPP projects as economically sustainable, while over 68.6% acknowledge indirect employment opportunities and improved waste collection services. Sentiment analysis of interview data also shows moderately positive sentiments regarding community engagement and opportunity creation. However, key challenges persist in stakeholder alignment, community participation, and regulatory oversight. Notably, demographic analysis highlights variation in benefit perception, especially across gender and education groups. The study proposes a multi-dimensional framework integrating stakeholder engagement, operational efficiency, and capacity-building initiatives. By aligning technical innovation with localized social needs, the model enhances the impact, adaptability, and long-term sustainability of PPP-based MSWM systems. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for improving transparency, inclusivity, and community-driven implementation strategies. This research contributes actionable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and practitioners aiming to optimize public–private collaboration in sustainable waste management.</p>

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Socioeconomic insights of PPP-based MSWM projects in India: evaluating community, economic, and social development outcomes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月4日

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  • Deepak Mishra,
  • Rakhee Das

摘要

Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is a pivotal component of urban infrastructure, directly influencing environmental quality, public health, and sustainable urban development. Amid rapid urbanization and mounting waste generation, public–private partnership (PPP) models have emerged as viable frameworks for efficient and inclusive waste management. This study investigates the socioeconomic impacts of PPP-based MSWM projects through a mixed-methods approach comprising 90 validated cross-sectional survey responses and 20 semi-structured expert interviews across three operational cases in India. The findings reveal that 75.7% of surveyed respondents view PPP projects as economically sustainable, while over 68.6% acknowledge indirect employment opportunities and improved waste collection services. Sentiment analysis of interview data also shows moderately positive sentiments regarding community engagement and opportunity creation. However, key challenges persist in stakeholder alignment, community participation, and regulatory oversight. Notably, demographic analysis highlights variation in benefit perception, especially across gender and education groups. The study proposes a multi-dimensional framework integrating stakeholder engagement, operational efficiency, and capacity-building initiatives. By aligning technical innovation with localized social needs, the model enhances the impact, adaptability, and long-term sustainability of PPP-based MSWM systems. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for improving transparency, inclusivity, and community-driven implementation strategies. This research contributes actionable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and practitioners aiming to optimize public–private collaboration in sustainable waste management.