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<p>This study investigated the effects of biochar, fly ash, and biomass power plant ash on ammonia–nitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>) emission reduction and nitrogen retention during aerobic composting (AC) of chicken manure and corn straw. In detail, 9 groups treated with different proportions (4, 8, and 12%) of additives (biochar, fly ash, and biomass power plant ash) were designed through 21-day AC experiments. Further, the impacts of different temperatures (20, 40, and 60&#xa0;°C) on nitrogen emission were explored and analyzed. Results showed that 8% biochar (T<sub>1-2</sub>) reduced total NH<sub>3</sub> emission by 54.83% and peak emission by 70.26%, while increasing final total nitrogen by 22.40% versus the control. At the same time, it significantly increases the content of nitrate nitrogen and optimizes the nitrogen-transformation efficiency. Fly ash (T<sub>2-2</sub>) and biomass power plant ash (T₃-₁) achieved 35.61 and 42.34% inhibition rates, respectively. Temperature experiments revealed optimal NH<sub>3</sub> suppression at 20&#xa0;°C (T20), while 60&#xa0;°C (T60) enhanced total nitrogen by 39.8% and organic matter degradation by 30.91%. Excessive additive proportions (12%) prolonged high-temperature phases, diminishing efficacy. The optimal strategy combines 8% biochar addition at 20&#xa0;°C (initial stage) to mitigate NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization, followed by maintaining 60&#xa0;°C to ensure composting efficiency and nitrogen retention. This approach balances emission reduction and nutrient conservation in AC processes.</p>

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Influencing mechanisms of different additives on ammonia–nitrogen emission during aerobic composting

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月29日

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  • F. L. Jiang,
  • J. N. Yang,
  • S. W. Qin,
  • W. Jiang,
  • S. J. Yang

摘要

This study investigated the effects of biochar, fly ash, and biomass power plant ash on ammonia–nitrogen (NH3) emission reduction and nitrogen retention during aerobic composting (AC) of chicken manure and corn straw. In detail, 9 groups treated with different proportions (4, 8, and 12%) of additives (biochar, fly ash, and biomass power plant ash) were designed through 21-day AC experiments. Further, the impacts of different temperatures (20, 40, and 60 °C) on nitrogen emission were explored and analyzed. Results showed that 8% biochar (T1-2) reduced total NH3 emission by 54.83% and peak emission by 70.26%, while increasing final total nitrogen by 22.40% versus the control. At the same time, it significantly increases the content of nitrate nitrogen and optimizes the nitrogen-transformation efficiency. Fly ash (T2-2) and biomass power plant ash (T₃-₁) achieved 35.61 and 42.34% inhibition rates, respectively. Temperature experiments revealed optimal NH3 suppression at 20 °C (T20), while 60 °C (T60) enhanced total nitrogen by 39.8% and organic matter degradation by 30.91%. Excessive additive proportions (12%) prolonged high-temperature phases, diminishing efficacy. The optimal strategy combines 8% biochar addition at 20 °C (initial stage) to mitigate NH3 volatilization, followed by maintaining 60 °C to ensure composting efficiency and nitrogen retention. This approach balances emission reduction and nutrient conservation in AC processes.