<p>In plant physiological processes, invertases act by irreversibly degrading sucrose into hexoses, which actively contribute to plant growth and development. Few invertase genes have been characterized in <i>Coffea</i>, and consequently, the role of these enzymes in coffee plant development is not well understood. The present study conducted a genome-wide characterization of invertases in Arabica coffee and its diploid progenitors. A total of 65 invertase genes were identified, with 28 in <i>C. arabica</i> (<i>CaINV</i>), 18 in <i>C. canephora</i> (<i>CcINV</i>), and 19 in <i>C. eugenioides</i> (<i>CeINV</i>), with polyploidization being the primary cause of the expansion of the <i>CaINV</i> gene family. Synteny analyses and chromosomal mapping showed that the <i>CaINV</i> genes are mainly derived from <i>C. eugenioides</i>. The cis-acting elements suggested the involvement of invertase genes in three main categories: growth and development, responses to biotic and abiotic stress, and hormonal response. Transcriptome analyses showed that, except for the neutral/alkaline invertase gene <i>CaN/AINV1</i>, all invertase genes of <i>C. arabica</i> and <i>C. canephora</i> were expressed at different stages of fruit development, some constitutively and others conditionally. Although <i>CaN/AINV1</i> was not expressed in the evaluated tissues, the presence of two GCN4 cis-elements suggests its involvement in specific processes in tissues or stages not analyzed in this study. Our results open many avenues for future studies in <i>Coffea</i>, especially for <i>C. arabica</i> and <i>C. canephora</i>, which are economically most significant and exhibit particularities regarding disease resistance, tolerance to abiotic stresses, and fruit chemical composition.</p>