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Background <p>The global <i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i> aquaculture industry is plagued by <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>-induced diseases. Antibiotic overuse further exacerbates antimicrobial resistance and ecological hazards, creating an urgent need for eco-friendly control strategies. In this study, <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> mr-1B was isolated from the hindgut of healthy <i>M. rosenbergii</i> to evaluate its probiotic potential.</p> Methods <p>The strain was identified via 16&#xa0;S rDNA sequencing, with its genomic characteristics analyzed using Nanopore-Illumina hybrid whole-genome sequencing. Its efficacy was validated through in vitro assays (tolerance to high temperature, acid, and bile salts; biofilm inhibition) and in vivo challenge tests.</p> Results <p>Results showed that mr-1B harbors biosynthetic gene clusters for antimicrobial metabolites. It retained 26.4% survival at 90&#xa0;°C and 60.1% survival at pH 3.0, and effectively disrupts mature <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> biofilms. After V. parahaemolyticus challenge, the 14-day mortality of <i>M. rosenbergii</i> fed with mr-1B was only 9% (vs. 92% in the positive control), with no safety risks.</p> Conclusion <p>In conclusion, <i>B. coagulans</i> mr-1B exhibits excellent anti-Vibrio activity and stress tolerance, serving as a promising probiotic candidate for green control of vibriosis in <i>M. rosenbergii</i> aquaculture, which aligns with the demands of green aquaculture.</p>

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Genomic analysis, tolerance, and probiotic potential of Bacillus coagulans mr-1B isolated from the hindgut of Macrobrachium rosenbergii against Vibrio parahaemolyticus

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月31日

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  • Yang Xu,
  • Hai-Hua Cheng,
  • Fei Peng,
  • Xi-Lian Li,
  • Bin-Peng Xu,
  • Qiang Gao

摘要

Background

The global Macrobrachium rosenbergii aquaculture industry is plagued by Vibrio parahaemolyticus-induced diseases. Antibiotic overuse further exacerbates antimicrobial resistance and ecological hazards, creating an urgent need for eco-friendly control strategies. In this study, Bacillus coagulans mr-1B was isolated from the hindgut of healthy M. rosenbergii to evaluate its probiotic potential.

Methods

The strain was identified via 16 S rDNA sequencing, with its genomic characteristics analyzed using Nanopore-Illumina hybrid whole-genome sequencing. Its efficacy was validated through in vitro assays (tolerance to high temperature, acid, and bile salts; biofilm inhibition) and in vivo challenge tests.

Results

Results showed that mr-1B harbors biosynthetic gene clusters for antimicrobial metabolites. It retained 26.4% survival at 90 °C and 60.1% survival at pH 3.0, and effectively disrupts mature V. parahaemolyticus biofilms. After V. parahaemolyticus challenge, the 14-day mortality of M. rosenbergii fed with mr-1B was only 9% (vs. 92% in the positive control), with no safety risks.

Conclusion

In conclusion, B. coagulans mr-1B exhibits excellent anti-Vibrio activity and stress tolerance, serving as a promising probiotic candidate for green control of vibriosis in M. rosenbergii aquaculture, which aligns with the demands of green aquaculture.