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<p>Liquid silicone rubber foam (LSRF) offers superior processability, high mechanical flexibility, and low thermal conductivity, which are of great significance for achieving long-term thermal insulation and fire resistance but remain challenging to achieve. We first prepared LSRF with excellent open-cell performance, achieving a water absorption rate of 242.5%, and then explored the advantages of flame-retardant solution impregnation in the open-cell structure. Meanwhile, the synergistic flame-retardant effect of kaolin (KL), glass powder (GP), and silica aerogel (AG) was investigated. When the composite formulation was LSRF/30KL10GP20AG, the material exhibited outstanding flame-retardant properties: the limiting oxygen index (LOI) reached 33.2%, an increase of 9% compared with unfilled LSRF, the vertical burning rating was V-0, and the water contact angle of the surface after combustion was 160.35°, meeting the superhydrophobic standard. At the same time, the sample LSRF/30KL10GP20AG showed a 49.6% reduction in peak heat release rate and an 83.8% reduction in total peak smoke production compared to LSRF. Under butane-flame impingement at 1300 °C, the flame-retardant LSRF maintained an intact structure for 120 s, with the backside temperature rising only to 219 °C, demonstrating excellent thermal insulation performance. In a high-temperature environment at 800 °C, the foam well retained its original cell structure and maintained volume stability, forming a dense, hard ceramicized carbon layer with a compressive strength of 2.69 MPa. The fillers were uniformly impregnated and distributed on the foam surface and cell walls, endowing the material with durable flame retardancy, low smoke generation, and minimal toxic gas release, effectively inhibiting the spread of flames during fires and enabling LSRF foam to be widely applied in the field of building flame retardancy.</p>

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Ceramizable Perforated Silicone Foam for Thermal Insulation and Refractory Building Materials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Xiang-Yuan Tian,
  • Xin Zhang,
  • Dian-Bo Zhang,
  • Ya Liu,
  • Xiao-Pei Wang,
  • Zhen-Xiu Zhang

摘要

Liquid silicone rubber foam (LSRF) offers superior processability, high mechanical flexibility, and low thermal conductivity, which are of great significance for achieving long-term thermal insulation and fire resistance but remain challenging to achieve. We first prepared LSRF with excellent open-cell performance, achieving a water absorption rate of 242.5%, and then explored the advantages of flame-retardant solution impregnation in the open-cell structure. Meanwhile, the synergistic flame-retardant effect of kaolin (KL), glass powder (GP), and silica aerogel (AG) was investigated. When the composite formulation was LSRF/30KL10GP20AG, the material exhibited outstanding flame-retardant properties: the limiting oxygen index (LOI) reached 33.2%, an increase of 9% compared with unfilled LSRF, the vertical burning rating was V-0, and the water contact angle of the surface after combustion was 160.35°, meeting the superhydrophobic standard. At the same time, the sample LSRF/30KL10GP20AG showed a 49.6% reduction in peak heat release rate and an 83.8% reduction in total peak smoke production compared to LSRF. Under butane-flame impingement at 1300 °C, the flame-retardant LSRF maintained an intact structure for 120 s, with the backside temperature rising only to 219 °C, demonstrating excellent thermal insulation performance. In a high-temperature environment at 800 °C, the foam well retained its original cell structure and maintained volume stability, forming a dense, hard ceramicized carbon layer with a compressive strength of 2.69 MPa. The fillers were uniformly impregnated and distributed on the foam surface and cell walls, endowing the material with durable flame retardancy, low smoke generation, and minimal toxic gas release, effectively inhibiting the spread of flames during fires and enabling LSRF foam to be widely applied in the field of building flame retardancy.