<p>Let {<i>X</i>, <i>X</i><sub><i>n</i></sub>; <i>n</i> ≥ 1} be a sequence of i.i.d. non-degenerate real-valued random variables with <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb E}{X}^{2} &lt; \infty\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">E</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi>X</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(S_{n}=\sum\nolimits_{i=1}^{n} X_{i}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo movablelimits="false">∑</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <i>n</i> ≥ 1. Let <i>g</i>(·): [0, ∞) → [0, ∞) be a nondecreasing regularly varying function with index <i>ρ</i> ≥ 0 and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lim\nolimits_{{t\rightarrow\infty}} g(t)=\infty\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <msub> <mo form="prefix">lim</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu = {\mathbb E}X\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">E</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mi>X</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\sigma^{2}}={\mathbb E}{(X-\mu)}^{2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <msup> <mi>σ</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">E</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>X</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In this paper, on the scale <i>g</i>(log <i>n</i>), we obtain precise asymptotic estimates for the probabilities of moderate deviations of the form <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\log \, {\mathbb P}(S_{n} - {n}\mu &gt; x{\sqrt {ng(\log \ n)})}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mi>log</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">P</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <msqrt> <mi>n</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>log</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </msqrt> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\log \, {\mathbb P}(S_{n} - {n}\mu &lt; -x{\sqrt {ng(\log \ n)})}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mi>log</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">P</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <msqrt> <mi>n</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>log</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </msqrt> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\log \, {\mathbb P}(\vert S_{n} - {n}\mu \vert &gt; x{\sqrt {ng(\log \ n)})}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mi>log</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">P</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">|</mo> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <msqrt> <mi>n</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>log</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </msqrt> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for all <i>x</i> &gt; 0. Unlike those known results in the literature, the moderate deviation results established in this paper depend on both the variance and the asymptotic behavior of the tail distribution of <i>X</i>.</p>

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Some Results on Probabilities of Moderate Deviations

  • Deli Li,
  • Yu Miao,
  • Yongcheng Qi

摘要

Let {X, Xn; n ≥ 1} be a sequence of i.i.d. non-degenerate real-valued random variables with \({\mathbb E}{X}^{2} < \infty\) E X 2 < . Let \(S_{n}=\sum\nolimits_{i=1}^{n} X_{i}\) S n = i = 1 n X i , n ≥ 1. Let g(·): [0, ∞) → [0, ∞) be a nondecreasing regularly varying function with index ρ ≥ 0 and \(\lim\nolimits_{{t\rightarrow\infty}} g(t)=\infty\) lim t g ( t ) = . Let \(\mu = {\mathbb E}X\) μ = E X and \({\sigma^{2}}={\mathbb E}{(X-\mu)}^{2}\) σ 2 = E ( X μ ) 2 . In this paper, on the scale g(log n), we obtain precise asymptotic estimates for the probabilities of moderate deviations of the form \(\log \, {\mathbb P}(S_{n} - {n}\mu > x{\sqrt {ng(\log \ n)})}\) log P ( S n n μ > x n g ( log n ) ) , \(\log \, {\mathbb P}(S_{n} - {n}\mu < -x{\sqrt {ng(\log \ n)})}\) log P ( S n n μ < x n g ( log n ) ) , and \(\log \, {\mathbb P}(\vert S_{n} - {n}\mu \vert > x{\sqrt {ng(\log \ n)})}\) log P ( | S n n μ | > x n g ( log n ) ) for all x > 0. Unlike those known results in the literature, the moderate deviation results established in this paper depend on both the variance and the asymptotic behavior of the tail distribution of X.