<p>Recent research highlights the potential of integrating construction and demolition waste (CDW) and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) as substitutes for virgin aggregates (VA). While mechanical performance of asphalt is well-documented at the laboratory-scale, large-scale implementation requires a multi-dimensional evaluation of environmental burdens, human health, and resource consumption. Hence, this study proposes a comprehensive framework utilizing life-cycle assessment (LCA) and economic criteria to evaluate the sustainable development goal (SDG) contributions of asphalt mixtures containing CDW and RAP. Four scenarios were analyzed: (i) a 100% VA control mix with CDW landfilling; (ii) a 30% CDW mix; (iii) a 30% CDW mix modified with food waste oil (FWO); and (iv) a hybrid mix of 15% CDW and 15% RAP. Mechanical testing revealed that recycled mixtures achieved functional stability and tensile strength comparable to traditional asphalt. The LCA model identified the hybrid CDW/RAP mixture as the most sustainable scenario, yielding endpoint impacts of 129.81 kg CO₂ eq (Climate Change), 1.97 × 10⁻⁴ DALY (Human Health), 2,743 MJ (Resource Depletion), and 26.135 PDF m² yr (Ecosystem Quality). This strategy aligns with 10 SDGs, specifically addressing Target 3.9 (reducing pollution-related illness), Target 12.4 (resource circularity), and Target 13.2 (climate action). The integrated technical-LCA-SDG framework demonstrates a viable pathway for circular CDW management. Future research should expand this analysis to encompass broader energy, transport, and low-carbon urban planning strategies.</p> Graphical abstracts