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<p>Resource-based city (RBC) transformation is an important driving force for promoting green technology innovation to achieve sustainable development. Taking the <i>National Sustainable Development Plan for Resource-Based Cities (2013–2020)</i> (Sustainable Development Planning Policy, SDPP) as a quasi-natural experiment of RBC transformation, the study adopts the difference-in-differences model to examine the effects of RBC transformation on green technology innovation (GTI), utilizing panel data from 289 Chinese cities between 2006 and 2019. We find that the transformation of RBCs significantly fosters GTI, increasing green invention patent applications by approximately 11.7%. The positive effects of RBC transformation are more significant in midwestern regions as well as areas with high government investment in science and technology. Mechanism analysis shows that the transformation of RBCs primarily influences GTI through the forcing effect of environmental governance and the upgrading effect of industrial structure, and both the resource allocation optimization effect and the green investment effect reinforce the role of SDPP in promoting urban GTI. This study offers a viable pathway for resource-rich regions globally, especially in developing countries, to circumvent the “resource curse” and achieve a win–win outcome of economic transformation and environmental sustainability. It also provides a generalizable analytical framework and policy evaluation method for assessing the effects of similar place-based policies aimed at green transition worldwide.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Resource curse or sustainable development: the green technology innovation effect of resource-based city transformation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月14日

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  • Xubing Fang,
  • Maotao Liu,
  • Guangqin Li

摘要

Resource-based city (RBC) transformation is an important driving force for promoting green technology innovation to achieve sustainable development. Taking the National Sustainable Development Plan for Resource-Based Cities (2013–2020) (Sustainable Development Planning Policy, SDPP) as a quasi-natural experiment of RBC transformation, the study adopts the difference-in-differences model to examine the effects of RBC transformation on green technology innovation (GTI), utilizing panel data from 289 Chinese cities between 2006 and 2019. We find that the transformation of RBCs significantly fosters GTI, increasing green invention patent applications by approximately 11.7%. The positive effects of RBC transformation are more significant in midwestern regions as well as areas with high government investment in science and technology. Mechanism analysis shows that the transformation of RBCs primarily influences GTI through the forcing effect of environmental governance and the upgrading effect of industrial structure, and both the resource allocation optimization effect and the green investment effect reinforce the role of SDPP in promoting urban GTI. This study offers a viable pathway for resource-rich regions globally, especially in developing countries, to circumvent the “resource curse” and achieve a win–win outcome of economic transformation and environmental sustainability. It also provides a generalizable analytical framework and policy evaluation method for assessing the effects of similar place-based policies aimed at green transition worldwide.

Graphical Abstract