<p>Pyrolysis-oil contains large amounts of oxygenated compounds, which creates low heating values, high corrosiveness, high viscosity, and instability; therefore, further processing is required. To date, thermal and cracking have been reported to have less applicability in the industry. The present investigation emphasizes the secondary kinetic study, pyrolysis-oil conversion efficiency, and product formation from non-catalytic and catalytic primary pyro-oil. For the analysis, catalytic (Al₂O₃ and ZnO, respectively) and non-catalytic waste jute sacks pyrolysis-oil and orange peel waste pyrolysis-oil were used with and without catalysts (Al₂O₃ and ZnO, respectively). The results predict that first-order Arrhenius-type kinetics was followed for the formation of volatile and soot. The activation energies, E, decrease as the secondary pyrolysis temperatures increase. The product formation, the formation of volatiles and soot, increases and decreases, respectively, with a time interval between 5 and 15&#xa0;min. The outcomes suggested that due to the effect of the catalyst, the yields are higher for catalytic than non-catalytic secondary pyrolysis. The conversion efficiency of non-catalytic waste jute pyrolysis-oil increases and catalytic waste jute pyrolysis-oil and catalytic and non-catalytic orange peel pyrolysis-oil decreases as the secondary pyrolytic temperature is increased with a time interval between 5 and 15&#xa0;min. The novelty of this research article is to predict the kinetics and find the product formation for both the non-catalytic and catalytic secondary pyrolysis processes. Further, this will help transition toward sustainable development and meet UN goals, resulting in clean technology for waste minimization and detailed analysis, which are in progress for industry 4.0 and 5.0.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>