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<p>Serious regional water scarcity and ecological challenges necessitate the development of sustainable leather processing technologies that conserve water and eliminate chromium usage. By utilizing silicates as multifunctional auxiliary, an environmentally friendly strategy was developed with citrate masking for pickle-free and pretreatment aid for waterless vegetable tanning. Citrate prevents the gelation of colloidal silica by sterically hindering silanol condensation, ensuring stability during pH adjustments. The citrate masked silicates (CimSil)-pretreated waterless mimosa tanned leather exhibited a shrinkage temperature of 87°C, demonstrating enhanced thermal stability due to the interaction between phenolic molecules of mimosa tannins and masked silicates, forming a stable cross-linked network structure. The experimental leather also exhibited an improved water contact angle of 85.3°, indicating superior hydrophobicity. Physical strength and organoleptic properties of experimental leathers are comparable to conventionally processed leathers. Emission load analysis revealed a significant reduction in pollution during the process, with an 80.06% reduction in effluent generation compared to chromium tanning and a 71.08% reduction compared to vegetable tanning. This research provides a promising approach for developing low-water, low-pollution, and sustainable tanning technology, effectively addressing critical environmental challenges.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Pretreatment of skins with masked silicates for low-pollution emission tanning technology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月17日

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  • Pradeep Srinivasan,
  • Gladstone Christopher Jayakumar,
  • Balaraman Madhan

摘要

Serious regional water scarcity and ecological challenges necessitate the development of sustainable leather processing technologies that conserve water and eliminate chromium usage. By utilizing silicates as multifunctional auxiliary, an environmentally friendly strategy was developed with citrate masking for pickle-free and pretreatment aid for waterless vegetable tanning. Citrate prevents the gelation of colloidal silica by sterically hindering silanol condensation, ensuring stability during pH adjustments. The citrate masked silicates (CimSil)-pretreated waterless mimosa tanned leather exhibited a shrinkage temperature of 87°C, demonstrating enhanced thermal stability due to the interaction between phenolic molecules of mimosa tannins and masked silicates, forming a stable cross-linked network structure. The experimental leather also exhibited an improved water contact angle of 85.3°, indicating superior hydrophobicity. Physical strength and organoleptic properties of experimental leathers are comparable to conventionally processed leathers. Emission load analysis revealed a significant reduction in pollution during the process, with an 80.06% reduction in effluent generation compared to chromium tanning and a 71.08% reduction compared to vegetable tanning. This research provides a promising approach for developing low-water, low-pollution, and sustainable tanning technology, effectively addressing critical environmental challenges.

Graphical abstract