Introduction <p>Rehabilitation pathways for patients with brain tumors are often heterogeneous and poorly standardized, limiting clinicians’ ability to implement evidence-based interventions. Aim of this scoping review is to systematically map and synthesize the available evidence on rehabilitation strategies for adults with brain tumors, with a focus on clinical pathways, timing, and implementation practices.</p> Methods <p>A scoping review was conducted according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and selected organizational websites up to December 2025. Eligible sources included clinical guidelines, consensus statements, and position papers addressing rehabilitation in adults with primary brain tumors. Systematic reviews, observational studies, and one randomized controlled trial were additionally included as contextual evidence to support interpretation of rehabilitation needs and implementation practices.</p> Results <p>Seventeen documents met inclusion criteria, including five guidelines or consensus documents and twelve contextual evidence sources. Across documents, multidisciplinary rehabilitation was consistently recommended, particularly for patients with motor, cognitive, or language impairments. Early and longitudinal rehabilitation approaches were advocated, although referral pathways and implementation practices remained inconsistent. Major gaps included limited tumor-specific protocols, under-referral, and uncertainty regarding optimal rehabilitation settings.</p> Conclusions <p>Rehabilitation should be integrated early and longitudinally across the PBT care continuum. Standardized, tumor-specific pathways and further high-quality research are urgently needed.</p>

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Rehabilitation in patients with primary brain tumors: a scoping review of current guideline recommendations

  • Giulio Verrienti,
  • Cosimo Emanuele Antonaci,
  • Gianluigi Megliola,
  • Luigi De Gennaro

摘要

Introduction

Rehabilitation pathways for patients with brain tumors are often heterogeneous and poorly standardized, limiting clinicians’ ability to implement evidence-based interventions. Aim of this scoping review is to systematically map and synthesize the available evidence on rehabilitation strategies for adults with brain tumors, with a focus on clinical pathways, timing, and implementation practices.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and selected organizational websites up to December 2025. Eligible sources included clinical guidelines, consensus statements, and position papers addressing rehabilitation in adults with primary brain tumors. Systematic reviews, observational studies, and one randomized controlled trial were additionally included as contextual evidence to support interpretation of rehabilitation needs and implementation practices.

Results

Seventeen documents met inclusion criteria, including five guidelines or consensus documents and twelve contextual evidence sources. Across documents, multidisciplinary rehabilitation was consistently recommended, particularly for patients with motor, cognitive, or language impairments. Early and longitudinal rehabilitation approaches were advocated, although referral pathways and implementation practices remained inconsistent. Major gaps included limited tumor-specific protocols, under-referral, and uncertainty regarding optimal rehabilitation settings.

Conclusions

Rehabilitation should be integrated early and longitudinally across the PBT care continuum. Standardized, tumor-specific pathways and further high-quality research are urgently needed.