Scholarlink

Background <p>Post-acute neurological sequelae of COVID-19 represent a significant clinical challenge. The temporal evolution and predictive factors remain incompletely characterized.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of 386 COVID-19 survivors with assessments at baseline and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Primary outcomes included cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA]), peripheral nerve function (nerve conduction studies [NCS]), and autonomic function (Composite Autonomic Symptom Score-31 [COMPASS-31]).</p> Results <p>Among 386 participants (mean age 51.92±14.86 years; 53.9% female), cognitive impairment prevalence decreased from 67.6% at baseline to 43.4% at 24 months (<i>P</i>&lt;0.001). Mean MoCA scores improved from 24.61±2.12 to 25.84±2.31. Autonomic dysfunction demonstrated a biphasic pattern with worsening at 6 months (COMPASS-31: 38.49±22.13 vs. 32.81±19.11 at 3 months). Peripheral neuropathy remained stable (42.5% to 45.0%). Independent predictors of persistent cognitive impairment included ICU admission (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.84; 95% CI 1.52–5.31), age ≥65 years (aOR 1.95; 95% CI 1.18–3.22), and depression history (aOR 1.92; 95% CI 1.08–3.41).</p> Conclusions <p>Neurological sequelae following COVID-19 demonstrate domain-specific recovery trajectories. Cognitive function improves gradually, autonomic dysfunction exhibits a biphasic pattern, and peripheral neuropathy persists. These findings support targeted, domain-specific rehabilitation strategies.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Temporal patterns of neurological deterioration in COVID-19 survivors: a longitudinal cohort analysis of post-acute neurological sequelae

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月30日

查看全文
  • Kang Wang,
  • Yan Zhang,
  • Hui Zhao,
  • Tong Zhao

摘要

Background

Post-acute neurological sequelae of COVID-19 represent a significant clinical challenge. The temporal evolution and predictive factors remain incompletely characterized.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of 386 COVID-19 survivors with assessments at baseline and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Primary outcomes included cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA]), peripheral nerve function (nerve conduction studies [NCS]), and autonomic function (Composite Autonomic Symptom Score-31 [COMPASS-31]).

Results

Among 386 participants (mean age 51.92±14.86 years; 53.9% female), cognitive impairment prevalence decreased from 67.6% at baseline to 43.4% at 24 months (P<0.001). Mean MoCA scores improved from 24.61±2.12 to 25.84±2.31. Autonomic dysfunction demonstrated a biphasic pattern with worsening at 6 months (COMPASS-31: 38.49±22.13 vs. 32.81±19.11 at 3 months). Peripheral neuropathy remained stable (42.5% to 45.0%). Independent predictors of persistent cognitive impairment included ICU admission (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.84; 95% CI 1.52–5.31), age ≥65 years (aOR 1.95; 95% CI 1.18–3.22), and depression history (aOR 1.92; 95% CI 1.08–3.41).

Conclusions

Neurological sequelae following COVID-19 demonstrate domain-specific recovery trajectories. Cognitive function improves gradually, autonomic dysfunction exhibits a biphasic pattern, and peripheral neuropathy persists. These findings support targeted, domain-specific rehabilitation strategies.