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Background <p>Considering the multifactorial nature of fall risk, the trunk—which plays a critical role in balance—should also be assessed.</p> Objective <p>This study aimed to determine the cut-off values of the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) for predicting fall risk in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS).</p> Methods <p>This a cross-sectional study included 141 PwMS. Fall history was obtained through subjective self-report and recorded. Trunk control was assessed using the TIS, and disability level was evaluated using the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).</p> Results <p>A total of 46.8% of participants reported a history of falls. The median TIS score was 16.50 in the fallers and 21.00 in the non-fallers. The cut-off value of TIS for identifying fall risk in PwMS was determined to be 19.50 (AUC = 0.804, 95% CI: 0.731–0.877, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p> Conclusion <p>In conclusion, TIS demonstrated moderate sensitivity and specificity in predicting fall risk. Given the complex and multifactorial etiology of falls, trunk assessment should be considered an essential component of comprehensive fall risk evaluation in PwMS.</p>

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The trunk impairment scale: is it a useful tool for discriminating fall risk in patients with multiple sclerosis?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Yasemin Ateş Sari,
  • Taşkın Özkan,
  • Aybike Erkoç,
  • Süleyman Furkan Hangun,
  • Gönül Vural,
  • Nezehat Özgül Ünlüer

摘要

Background

Considering the multifactorial nature of fall risk, the trunk—which plays a critical role in balance—should also be assessed.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the cut-off values of the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) for predicting fall risk in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS).

Methods

This a cross-sectional study included 141 PwMS. Fall history was obtained through subjective self-report and recorded. Trunk control was assessed using the TIS, and disability level was evaluated using the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).

Results

A total of 46.8% of participants reported a history of falls. The median TIS score was 16.50 in the fallers and 21.00 in the non-fallers. The cut-off value of TIS for identifying fall risk in PwMS was determined to be 19.50 (AUC = 0.804, 95% CI: 0.731–0.877, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

In conclusion, TIS demonstrated moderate sensitivity and specificity in predicting fall risk. Given the complex and multifactorial etiology of falls, trunk assessment should be considered an essential component of comprehensive fall risk evaluation in PwMS.