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Introduction <p>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a disorder of neuromuscular transmission that primarily affects skeletal muscles, leading to cranial, truncal, and limb weakness. While motor symptoms are well documented, the prevalence and clinical significance of urinary dysfunction particularly urinary incontinence (UI) and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms remain underexplored in MG, with previous reports limited to small cohorts.</p> Methods <p>In this study, 86 MG patients and 90 age- and sex-matched inpatient controls were evaluated. All participants completed the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF) and the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS). MG severity was assessed using the Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scale. MG patients were further categorized into early-onset (EOMG), late-onset (LOMG), and very late-onset (VLOMG) subgroups. Logistic regression identified predictors of UI, and Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to evaluate time to first UI symptoms.</p> Results <p>MG patients had significantly higher prevalence of UI symptoms (ICIQ-UI SF ≥ 6 in 52.3% vs. 12.2% in controls; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). LOMG patients exhibited the highest UI prevalence (63.2%) and progressed most rapidly to UI, while EOMG patients had the latest onset. OAB symptoms were also more prominent in MG, marked by higher OABSS and increased urgency. MG-ADL score independently predicted UI (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.04–5.46; <i>p</i> = 0.041).</p> Discussion <p>UI and OAB symptoms are more common in MG patients than in controls. MG-ADL score is an independent predictor of UI, and age at disease onset may influence the timing of UI development. Early identification and intervention may improve patient outcomes.</p>

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Urinary dysfunction in myasthenia Gravis: a cross-sectional case-control study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Kamel Shihada,
  • Alon Gorenshtein,
  • Gil I. Wolfe,
  • Shahar Shelly

摘要

Introduction

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a disorder of neuromuscular transmission that primarily affects skeletal muscles, leading to cranial, truncal, and limb weakness. While motor symptoms are well documented, the prevalence and clinical significance of urinary dysfunction particularly urinary incontinence (UI) and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms remain underexplored in MG, with previous reports limited to small cohorts.

Methods

In this study, 86 MG patients and 90 age- and sex-matched inpatient controls were evaluated. All participants completed the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF) and the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS). MG severity was assessed using the Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scale. MG patients were further categorized into early-onset (EOMG), late-onset (LOMG), and very late-onset (VLOMG) subgroups. Logistic regression identified predictors of UI, and Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to evaluate time to first UI symptoms.

Results

MG patients had significantly higher prevalence of UI symptoms (ICIQ-UI SF ≥ 6 in 52.3% vs. 12.2% in controls; p < 0.001). LOMG patients exhibited the highest UI prevalence (63.2%) and progressed most rapidly to UI, while EOMG patients had the latest onset. OAB symptoms were also more prominent in MG, marked by higher OABSS and increased urgency. MG-ADL score independently predicted UI (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.04–5.46; p = 0.041).

Discussion

UI and OAB symptoms are more common in MG patients than in controls. MG-ADL score is an independent predictor of UI, and age at disease onset may influence the timing of UI development. Early identification and intervention may improve patient outcomes.