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<p>The study aims to investigate the in-vitro and in-situ antifungal efficacy of nanoencapsulated <i>Melaleuca leucadendra</i> essential oil (Ne-MLEO) against the selected storage fungi and aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>) contamination. The chemical profile of MLEO was explored by GC–MS, and eucalyptol (85.86%) was reported as the major compound. The Ne-MLEO was prepared using chitosan, and characterized through DLS, ATR-FTIR, and XRD. The Ne-MLEO offers distantly improved antifungal activity over its free form; represent low minimum inhibitory concentration range (3–4 µL/mL) against selected fungi and AFB<sub>1</sub> (3 µL/mL). At MIC doses, Ne-MLEO significantly disrupted the membrane integrity, antioxidant enzymes, cellular methylglyoxal, perturbance in nor-1 gene expression, and fungal morphology. The in-situ investigation revealed 86–92% protection of wheat grains from fungal infestation and 100% from AFB<sub>1</sub>contamination. The study recommends the application of Ne-MLEO as a green antifungal agent for sustainable protection of wheat grains and their finished products against fungal and aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> contamination.</p>

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Nanoencapsulated Melaleuca leucadendra essential oil: improved antifungal efficacy against the storage fungi and aflatoxin B1 contamination

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月20日

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  • Vivekanand,
  • Abhinav,
  • Akshay Kumar,
  • Vishal Gupta,
  • Tanya Singh Raghuvanshi,
  • Priyanka Singh,
  • Bhanu Prakash

摘要

The study aims to investigate the in-vitro and in-situ antifungal efficacy of nanoencapsulated Melaleuca leucadendra essential oil (Ne-MLEO) against the selected storage fungi and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination. The chemical profile of MLEO was explored by GC–MS, and eucalyptol (85.86%) was reported as the major compound. The Ne-MLEO was prepared using chitosan, and characterized through DLS, ATR-FTIR, and XRD. The Ne-MLEO offers distantly improved antifungal activity over its free form; represent low minimum inhibitory concentration range (3–4 µL/mL) against selected fungi and AFB1 (3 µL/mL). At MIC doses, Ne-MLEO significantly disrupted the membrane integrity, antioxidant enzymes, cellular methylglyoxal, perturbance in nor-1 gene expression, and fungal morphology. The in-situ investigation revealed 86–92% protection of wheat grains from fungal infestation and 100% from AFB1contamination. The study recommends the application of Ne-MLEO as a green antifungal agent for sustainable protection of wheat grains and their finished products against fungal and aflatoxin B1 contamination.